摘 要

当今社会，科技高速发展，人们利用科技技术可进入的领域越来越大，但是由于人类自身限制，某些地方不适宜让人类进入，人工智能机器人由此诞生。人工智能机器人大多是以小车为原型，而智能遥控小车可以应用于多个领域，比如军事侦查，外太空探索，遥控玩具等，可见其研究意义很大。而当今社会，人们已经离不开遥控，研究遥控的对象越来越多，而研究蓝牙技术与硬件的结合运用，不仅为遥控玩具小车的遥控器提供了一种新的解决方案，也为未来智能家居的遥控设计提供了一定的参考意义。

本文设计了一款基于Arduino平台的蓝牙小车，用于手机遥控或者红外线遥控器操作。本次毕业设计我进行了软件设计和硬件设计，我分别在第三章和第四章中进行了硬件设计和软件设计的需求分析、模块设计和子程序设计。并且在第五章完成了整机调试，实现了预定的功能。硬件电路设计包括了六个个模块：电机驱动（L293D）模块，电源模块，Arduino转接模块，按键模块，蓝牙串口模块和红外遥控模块。电机驱动模块和蓝牙串口模块是本次设计的核心。软件程序设计包括Arduino软件和蓝牙串口通信App设计。Arduino软件主要控制小车，而蓝牙串口通信App则作为一个辅助性软件，实现手机对蓝牙小车的遥控。

我设计的小车外部电路简单，操作简单。而且我还运用转接板减少了对于Arduino UNO的改动，减少了对于Aduino UNO板的干扰。本系统出了可以运用蓝牙控制外，还有，我还添加了红外遥控模块，因为需要用到的是随时可见的遥控器，使得对于小车的控制更加方便。利用手机蓝牙串口通信软件能精确地实现小车的前后左右移动，并且能使小车瞬间停止，可以实际应用于军事侦察，环境勘探和儿童娱乐等领域，具有很广阔的发展前景。

关键词：Arduino；L293D；蓝牙；

Abstract

In today's society, the rapid development of science and technology, people can enter the field to take advantage of science and technology is more and more big, but because of human limitations in some places, not suitable for the human race to enter, the birth of the robot of artificial intelligence. Most of the artificial intelligent robot is based on the car, and the intelligent remote control car can be applied in many fields, such as military investigation, outer space exploration, remote control toys, etc., it can be seen that the research is of great significance. But in today's society, people have cannot do without the remote control, remote control of more and more subjects, using a combination of Bluetooth technology and hardware, not only provides a new solution for the remote control toy car, but also for the future design of intelligent remote control Home Furnishing provides certain reference significance.

This paper designs a Bluetooth platform based on Arduino platform, which is used for mobile phone remote control or infrared remote control operation. This graduation project, I have carried on the software design and the hardware design, I separately carried on the hardware design and the software design demand analysis, the module design and the subroutine design separately in the third and the fourth chapter. And in the fifth chapter completed the whole machine debugging, to achieve the intended function. The hardware circuit design includes six modules: Motor Driver (L293D) module, power module, Arduino switching module, key module, Bluetooth serial module and infrared remote control module. The motor driver module and the Bluetooth serial module are the core of this design. Software programming, including Arduino software and Bluetooth serial communication, App design. Arduino software mainly control the car, and Bluetooth serial communication App as an auxiliary software, to achieve Bluetooth remote control of mobile phones.

The outer circuit of the car designed by me is simple and easy to operate. What's more, I also use the adapter board to reduce the changes to the Arduino UNO and reduce the interference to the Aduino UNO board. The system can use Bluetooth control, as well as I also added infrared remote control module, because you need to use the remote control that can be seen at any time, which makes the control of the car more convenient. Can accurately realize the car before and after the use of serial communication software of Bluetooth mobile phone and move around, and can make the car stop, can be used in military reconnaissance, environmental exploration and children's entertainment, has very broad prospects for development.

Key words: Arduino; L293D; bluetooth;

目 录

第1章 绪论 1

1.1 研究背景及意义 1

1.2 国内外研究现状 2

1.3 研究内容及预期目标 2

第2章 蓝牙遥控小车的总体设计 4

2.1设计目标 4

2.2 设计方案 4

2.3 硬件电路模块划分 4

2.4设计小结 5

第3章 硬件模块设计 6

3.1 电源模块的设计 6

3.2 电机驱动模块的设计 7

3.3 蓝牙串口模块的设计 9

3.4 红外线遥控模块的设计 10

3.5 按键模块的设计 10

3.6 Arduino转接模块的设计 11

3.7 小车搭建原件清单 12

3.8 本章小结 13

第4章 软件设计 14

4.1 Arduino控制端软件的总体设计 14

4.1.1 软件开发环境 14

4.1.2 Arduino控制软件的模块划分 16

4.2 Arduino 控制端软件主程序设计 17

4.2.1 软件程序流程图 17

4.2.2 定义所需变量 18

4.3 小车运行控制的程序设计 21

4.4 按键模块及LED灯程序设计 22

4.5 蓝牙遥控模块程序设计 23

4.6 红外线遥控模块程序设计 24

4.7 手机App程序设计 25

4.7.1 手机App界面设计 25

4.7.2 手机App软件设计程序流程图 25

4.7.3 蓝牙服务端子程序 26

4.7.4 蓝牙客户端子程序 28

4.8 小结 28

第5章 制作与调试 29

5.1 整体程序编译 29

5.2 小车的组建 29

5.2.1 搭建小车外壳 29

5.2.2 小结 31

5.3 整机调试 31

5.3.1 调试思路 31

5.3.2 蓝牙遥控模块调试 31

5.3.3 红外遥控模块调试 33

5.4 小结 33

第6章 全文总结 34

参考文献 35

致 谢 36