论文总字数：19887字

摘 要

人类的生命、财产和社会安全因为火灾受到了极大的威胁，而火灾是一种在时间和空间上燃烧失控造成的灾难。因为引发的重大安全事故数量之多，由此人类未曾停下脚步、停止过对它的研究。随着现代科技的发展，高楼越来越多，越来越高。安全问题也被人们提上议程。安全快速且有效的灭火预警系统是人们的研究重点。

本设计将主要解决应对突发火灾的智能灭火系统的设计，提高大楼的安全程度。

本论文介绍了一种基于单片机型号为STC89C5l的智能灭火系统的设计，该设计采用MQ-2气体/可燃气传感器作为烟雾监测元件、1602液晶作为显示屏，实现摄氏度、气体浓度的测量、显示。通过5V有源蜂鸣器实现报警功能。使用风扇和水泵提供灭火的功能。

本系统主要使用一块1602的液晶显示屏用来显示当前的可燃气/PM2.5的浓度和摄氏度值，同时也显示了报警系统设定值，它可以选择通过设备右下角的三个按键进行设置。三个按键分别为：设置/切换，数字 ，数字-的按键。当摄氏度传感器探测到的摄氏度超过设置值，蜂鸣器报警的同时红色灯光闪烁，为了防止火势的进一步扩散，风扇不会启动。当PM2.5值和摄氏度值同时超标，红色和黄色灯光闪烁，水泵开始工作灭火，风扇启动把烟排出去。如单独PM2.5值超标（如有人抽烟），黄灯报警，同时启动风扇排出PM2.5。

关键词：MQ-2气体/可燃气传感器；STC89C5l单片机；5V有源蜂鸣器；1602液晶屏；风扇；水泵

Design and Implementation of Intelligent Fire Extinguishing System

Abstract

Human life, property and social security are greatly threatened by fire, which is a disaster caused by uncontrolled combustion in time and space. Because of the large number of major safety accidents, human beings have never stopped studying it. With the development of modern science and technology, there are more and more tall buildings. Security is also on the agenda. Safe, fast and effective fire-fighting early warning system is the focus of people"s research.

This design will mainly solve the design of intelligent fire extinguishing system to deal with sudden fire and improve the safety of the building.

This paper introduces the design of an intelligent fire extinguishing system based on STC89C5l. The design uses mq-2 gas / combustible gas sensor as smoke monitoring element and 16o2 LCD as display screen to realize the measurement and display of centigrade and gas concentration. The alarm function is realized by 5V active buzzer. Use fan and water pump to provide fire extinguishing function.

This system mainly uses a 16o2 LCD screen to display the current concentration and centigrade value of combustible gas / PM2.5, as well as the alarm system setting value. It can be set by three buttons in the lower right corner of the device. The three buttons are: set / switch, number , number -. When the centigrade detected by the centigrade sensor exceeds the set value, the buzzer will give an alarm and the red light will flash. In order to prevent the further spread of the fire, the fan will not start. When the PM2.5 value and the centigrade value exceed the standard at the same time, the red and yellow lights flash, the water pump starts to work and extinguish the fire, and the fan starts to exhaust the smoke. If the individual PM2.5 value exceeds the standard (if someone smokes), the yellow light will give an alarm, and the fan will be started to discharge PM2.5 at the same time.

Keywords:Q-2 Gas Sensor; STC89C5l Microcontroller; 5V Active Buzzer; 1602 LCD Screen; Fan; Water Pump

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 引 言 1

1.1 选题背景与意义 1

1.2 智能灭火系统简介 1

1.2.1 智能灭火系统的目的 1

1.2.2 设计要求 1

第二章 智能火灾报警器的硬件设计 2

2.1 系统的功能要求 2

2.2 控制电路 2

2.2.1 MCU简介 2

2.2.2复位电路 4

2.3 PM2.5探测电路 4

2.4显示模块电路 5

2.5 灯光报警电路 6

2.6蜂鸣器报警电路 6

2.7摄氏度采集电路 7

2.7.1 DS18B20介绍 7

2.7.2 按键电路 7

2.8继电器驱动电路 8

第三章 智能火灾报警器的软件设计 9

3.1 主程序流程图 9

3.2 主程序 9

第四章 分析与结论 10

4.1实物演示 10

4.2分析 12

4.3结论 13

第五章 致 谢 14

参考文献（References） 15

附 录 16

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