摘 要

石墨烯是二维自由态的原子晶体，而且是世界上仅存的一种。GO(graphene oxide )是利用石墨烯制成的氧化物，它虽然被氧化，但依然有和石墨一样的结构，只不过在石墨烯的每一层的单片中，有许多氧基功能团被嫁接在上面。石墨烯的简单结构由于这些氧化基团的嫁接变得相当复杂，并且出现了许多优异的物理和电化学性能，成为最近一段时期十分火热的话题。

氧化石墨烯拥有十分特殊的分子结构，这种结构能让GO的碳分子层拥有负电荷。这种情况下，分子层之间吸引了大量的正电荷阳离子，这样使得层与层之间的间隙被扩大，形成了十分良好的条件来嫁接聚合物和一些纳米材料。文中，我们用浸泡法制备了GO/PMo复合材料，并对其进行了一系列的表征。

在第一章，我们首先对石墨烯，氧化石墨烯以及氧化石墨烯复合材料的结构和物理性质等进行了介绍。并且列举了一些近些年对氧化石墨烯复合材料的研究方向以及研究成果。

在第二章，我们介绍了利用Hummers法制备氧化石墨烯的具体流程和GO/PMo的制备过程，以及所需的材料与仪器。并且对所得材料进行了一系列的表征。

我们发现，随着浸泡天数的增加，磷钼酸进入氧化石墨烯单片的量也随之增加，与之前的红外测试的结果相符合。并且，磷钼酸的氧化还原峰十分明显，这是由于磷钼酸的氧化还原反应提供了很多的赝电容。我们猜测，磷钼酸与氧化石墨烯在表面链接。强度的变化说明浸泡时间越长，在GO表面链接的磷钼酸也越多。浸泡时间的长短，对GO和PMo₁₂的复合产生了影响，随着浸泡天数的增加，磷钼酸的特征峰相对强度也随之增加。浸泡时间越长，材料的复合就更加充分，GO片层上磷钼酸数量也增加。

在第三章，我们对本次的实验做了总结，并找出了其中的不足。

关键词：氧化石墨烯 浸泡法 钼磷酸 复合材料

Abstract

Graphene is a two-dimensional free state of the atomic crystal, and is the world's only one. GO (graphene oxide) is made of graphene oxide, although it is oxidized, but still have the same structure as graphite, but in each layer of graphene monolithic, there are many oxygen functional groups Grafted on top. Simple structure of graphene Since the grafting of these oxidizing groups becomes quite complex and presents many excellent physical and electrochemical properties, it has become a hot topic for the most recent period.

Oxidized graphene has a very special molecular structure, this structure allows the carbon layer of GO has a negative charge. In this case, a large number of positive charge cations are attracted between the molecular layers, so that the gap between the layers is expanded to form very good conditions to graft the polymer and some nanomaterials. In this paper, GO / PMo composites were prepared by immersion method, and a series of characterization were carried out.

In the first chapter, we first introduce the structure and physical properties of graphene, graphene graphene and graphene graphene composites. And some recent years on the graphene oxide composite materials research and research results.

In the second chapter, we introduce the specific process for the preparation of graphene oxide by the Hummers method and the preparation of GO / PMo, as well as the materials and instruments required. And a series of characterization of the resulting material.

We found that with the increase in the number of days of immersion, phosphomolybdic acid into the amount of monolithic oxide gravel also increased, consistent with the results of the previous infrared test. Moreover, the redox peak of phosphomolybdic acid is very obvious, which is due to the redox reaction of phosphomolybdic acid to provide a lot of pseudo-capacitance. We speculate that phosphomolybdic acid is linked to graphene on the surface. The change in intensity indicates that the longer the soaking time, the more phosphomolybdic acid is linked to the GO surface. The relative intensity of the characteristic peaks of phosphomolybdic acid increases with the increase of the number of immersion days. The longer the soaking time, the more complex the material is, and the number of phosphomolybdic acid on the GO layer also increases.

    In the third chapter, we summarize this experiment and find out the shortcomings.

Keywords: graphene oxide； soaking method； molybdophosphoric acid； composite material

目录

摘要..............................................................Ⅰ

ABSTRACT.......................................................Ⅱ

第一章 绪论.......................................................1

1.1 石墨烯的概况..................................................2

1.2 氧化石墨烯的概况..............................................3

1.2.1 氧化石墨烯的结构..........................................3

1.2.2 复合材料的电化学性能......................................4

1.2.3 金属/氧化石墨烯复合材料...................................4

1.2.4 金属氧化物/氧化石墨烯复合材料.............................5

1.2.5 无机物类氧化石墨烯复合材料................................5

1.3 论文研究内容..................................................6

参考文献..........................................................6

第二章 氧化石墨烯钼磷酸复合材料的制备与表征..................7

2.1 氧化石墨烯的制备..............................................8

2.1.1 氧化石墨烯制备方法........................................8

2.1.1 氧化石墨烯制备过程........................................8

2.2 氧化石墨烯钼磷酸复合材料的制备................................9

2.2.1 实验材料和仪器............................................9