论文总字数：27691字

摘 要

门禁的概念自古就存于人们的安全意识之中，从古封建时代的门府家丁和巡逻军队，再到如今的电子科技。传统的门禁模式已经无法满足信息化时代的人们安全需求了，因此智能化的无线门禁模式便深受大众喜爱，一则便于安保人员更为规范的管理，其次是给缺乏安全感的人们提供了可靠的安全保障。而随着信息化时代的飞跃进步，门禁系统涉及到的技术种类也越来越多，而射频识别技术便是其中的代表之一。

本文设计的多功能门禁系统由楼门刷卡机和楼门控制机组成。楼门刷卡机主要负责对楼宇门的出入情况进行管控，住户可以使用ID卡进出，而访客可以通过刷卡机上的通话模块与安保人员进行通话，请求开门。对此需要楼门控制机和上位机来实现对楼门刷卡机的远程无线管理。楼门刷卡机、楼门控制机以及上位机软件开发需要用到KEIL C51与VISUAL STUDIO 2015开发环境，最终完成基于射频识别技术的多功能对讲门禁系统。

在软件程序和硬件电路设计好之后，进行了软硬件的联调。经测试之后，本系统的各项功能均能较好的实现，最终通过了老师的验收。

关键词： KEIL C51与VISUAL STUDIO 2015开发环境 上位机 对讲门禁系统 射频识别技术

Intelligent Access Control System (Software Part)

Abstract

The concept of access control has existed in people's security consciousness since ancient times, from the gate house and patrol troops in ancient feudal times to today's electronic technology. The traditional access control mode has been unable to meet the security needs of people in the information age, so the intelligent wireless access control mode is favored by the public. One is convenient for security personnel to manage more standardized, and the other is to provide a reliable security guarantee for people who lack a sense of security. With the rapid development of the information age, there are more and more kinds of technologies involved in the access control system, among which RFID technology is one of the representatives.

The multifunctional access control system designed in this paper is composed of a floor card reader and a floor control unit. The building door card reader is mainly responsible for controlling the entrance and exit of the building door. Residents can use ID card to enter and exit, while visitors can talk to the security personnel through the phone module on the card reader to request the door to be opened. Therefore, it is necessary to realize the remote wireless management of the floor card reader by the floor door control machine and the upper computer. KEIL C51 and VISUAL STUDIO 2015 development environment are needed for the development of floor card reader, floor control machine and upper computer software, and the multifunctional intercom access control system based on RFID technology is finally completed.

After the software program and the hardware circuit are designed, the software and hardware are adjusted together. After the test, the system's various functions can be better realized, and finally passed the teacher's acceptance.

Key words：KEIL C51 and VISUAL STUDIO 2015 development environment; Upper machine; Intercom access control system; RFID technology

目 录

摘要 I

ABSTRACT II

第一章 绪论 5

1.1课题研究背景及意义 5

1.2 国内外研究现状 5

1.3 研究的内容 6

1.4 本课题主要的学习内容 8

1.5 本章小结 8

第二章 门禁系统方案设计 9

2.1 系统设计思路 9

2.2 系统工作原理 10

2.3 本章小结 13

第三章 楼门刷卡机与管理机程序设计 14

3.1软件设计任务 14

3.2楼门刷卡机软件设计 14

3.3楼门控制机软件设计 16

3.4 Keil C51开发环境 16

3.5 主程序模块设计 17

3.6 射频卡模块设计 18

3.6.1 工作原理与功能 18

3.6.2 阅读器设计方案 18

3.6.3基于射频芯片LM258的125kHzRFID阅读器电路 19

3.6.4 射频模块程序设计 19

3.6.5阅读器与射频卡之间的通信协议 19

3.7 GSM相关软件设计及通信协议 20

3.7.1 AT命令介绍 20

3.7.2 GPRS通信的连接过程 21

3.7.3本设计中使用的AT命令 22

3.7.4楼门控制机与楼门刷卡机的通信协议 23

3.8 本章小结 24

第四章 门禁系统上位机软件设计 25

4.1 Visual Studio 2015开发环境 25

4.2系统功能软件设计 26

4.3上位机管理软件设计 27

4.4 本章小结 28

第五章 软硬件联合调试 29

5.1系统调试 30

5.2本章小结 31

总结与展望 32

参考文献 33

致谢 35

附录一 楼门刷卡机硬件电路原理图 36

附录二 楼门控制机硬件电路原理图 37

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