论文总字数：27968字

摘 要

对于现在的医院环境来说，有很多原因能够影响到医院的声誉和生存，护理问题就很容易造成医患矛盾，特别是在无人照料的情况下，病人身体突发不适，急需要值班医生或者护士的救助，因此设计一款稳定度高，传输距离远的无线病房呼叫系统就很有必要。无线病床呼叫系统，能够方便病人更快找到医生，解决急症，减少病人和医护人员之间因为治疗不及时引起的纠纷。

本设计完成了以STC89C52单片机为基础的病房呼叫系统，从机和主机分开设计，从机放在各个病房，主机放置在护士站和手持式终端。在从机中，设置STC89C52单片机初始化后等待按键信号进入，收到信号后，进行处理，并通过HC-12无线通信串口模块发送给主机；在主机上的HC-12串口模块接收到信号后传送给STC89C52单片机，单片机也做一定的处理，将所呼叫的病床号和呼叫顺序显示在LCD1602液晶显示屏幕上，护士按键对病人的呼叫予以回复，按键同时能够消除LCD1602屏幕上的病床号，同时将操作人员的代码显示在LCD1602屏幕上。

该系统实现了呼叫信号的远距离无线传输，并且医护人员能够在不同的地点做出及时的回应，能够迅速准确地确定病人位置，给予有效治疗。系统成本比较低，适用范围也广，在各行各业需求量都很大，有着很好的市场前景。

关键词：STC89C52 无线收发模块 按键 LCD

The Design of Mobile Terminal Calling Display System

Abstract

For the current hospital environment, there are many reasons to affect the hospital's reputation and survival, nursing problems can easily lead to doctor-patient contradictions, especially in the case of unattended, the patient is discomfort suddenly, needing the duty doctors or nurses to rescue, so designing a high stability, transmission distance away from the wireless ward call system is necessary. Wireless bed call system can facilitate the patient to find a doctor faster, solving the emergency and reducing the dispute between patient and the medical staff because of the delayed treatment.

The design achieved the STC89C52 microcontroller-based ward call system, the master was designed separately from the slave, the slave was placed in the ward, and the host was placed in the nurses and handheld terminals. STC89C52 single-chip setting in the machine waited the key- signal into after start. When it received the signal, it would do a certain processing, and sent to host through the HC-12 serial module for wireless communication. After the HC-12 serial module receiving the signal, it sent to STC89C52 single-chip, the single-chip also did a certain processing, displaying the the bed number and calling order on the LCD1602 LCD screen, the nurse pressed the button to respond the patient's call, at the same time, eliminated the number on the LCD1602, while displaying the operator's code on the LCD1602 screen.

The system achieved the long-distance transmission of the calling signal, and health-care workers in different places could make timely response to the patient, determined the location quickly and accurately, giving them effective treatment. The system’s cost is relatively low, and the scope of application is wide. It has a heavy demand, having a very good market prospects.

Key words: STC89C52; Wireless transceiver module; Key; LCD

目 录

摘要 I

Abstract II

第一章 引言 1

1.1课题背景 1

1.2 病床呼叫系统发展现状 2

第二章 设计任务及分析 4

2.1设计任务 4

2.2任务分析 4

2.3方案设计 4

第三章 硬件设计及芯片选型 6

3.1 硬件系统设计框图 6

3.2 单片机最小系统硬件设计 7

3.2.1 STC89C52单片机简介 7

3.2.2 时钟电路与复位电路设计 9

3.3 LCD1602液晶显示模块 10

3.3.1 LCD1602的特性及使用说明 10

3.3.2 LCD1602的基本参数及引脚功能 11

3.4 键盘模块 13

3.4.1 键盘工作原理 14

3.5 HC-12无线串口模块 15

3.5.1 HC-12产品介绍 15

3.5.2 HC-12引脚功能及指令 16

第四章 系统软件设计 23

4.1 病床从机程序设计 23

4.2 护士站主机程序设计 24

4.3其他程序设计 26

4.3.1 延时子程序设计 27

4.3.2 初始化程序设计 28

4.3.3 中断子程序设计 30

4.4 硬件制作和调试 31

第五章 设计结果和总结 33

5.1 设计结果 33

5.2 总结 35

参考文献 37

致 谢 39

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