网络交易中未成年人的电子合同缔约能力研究毕业论文
2021-03-25 22:34:37
摘 要
Abstract 2
绪 论 3
1 电子合同概述 4
1.1 电子合同的定义 4
1.2 电子合同的特性 5
1.2.1 电子合同具有的传统合同的一般特征 5
1.2.2 电子合同不同于传统合同的独特性 5
2 我国未成年人缔结电子合同的法律分析 6
2.1 未成年人缔结电子合同的典型案例分析 6
2.2 未成年人缔结电子合同缔约能力存在的问题 8
2.2.1 主体真实身份难以确定 8
2.2.2 网络交易中未成年人缔约的电子合同的追认问题 9
2.3 未成年人缔结电子合同能力问题的规定及司法处理办法 9
3 国外关于未成年人缔结电子合同能力问题的研究 10
3.1 德国关于未成年人缔结电子合同能力的规定 10
3.2 美国关于未成年人缔结电子合同能力的规定 11
3.3 国外关于未成年人缔结电子合同能力的规定带给我国的启示 11
4 关于解决我国未成年人缔结电子合同能力问题的建议 12
4.1 细化关于未成年人缔结合同的规定,尤其是在未成年人缔结电子合同的情况下适用的规定 12
4.2 明确纯获利益合同的含义和内容 12
4.3 对未成年人实施欺诈行为缔结电子合同作出具体规定。 13
结 束 语 14
参 考 文 献 15
致 谢 16
摘 要
当今互联网信息技术高速发展,网络操作日趋便捷,网民低龄化趋向愈加显现,未成年人网民人数不断升高,这便带来了一系列的问题。未成年人的心智成熟状况不同于成年人,其理解能力、辨识能力不够完善,其缔结合同的能力自然也不同于成年人。尤其是电子合同存在着其独有的特征,电子合同的缔结过程与结果可能不同于传统合同,使得对未成年人缔结电子合同的能力问题进行研究显得必要。本文从电子合同的基本概念与特征着手,并将我国相关规定与美国、德国相比较,总结经验,提出解决建议。第一部分是对电子合同的概述,主要阐明电子合同这一概念的定义与其特征。电子合同是电子商务的出现与发展后才出现的概念,虽然这一概念被多数人熟知,但目前没有一个达成共识的定义,各家对其的表述存在差异。与传统合同相比,电子合同有其特殊性,对电子合同的特性研究对于研究未成年人对电子合同的缔约能力问题显得至关重要。第二部分对未成年人在网络交易中缔结电子合同的典型案例进行了分析,并结合我国现行规定,分析目前存在的问题。只有明确了我国目前未成年人在缔结电子合同中出现或可能出现的问题,才能更好地找到解决的办法。第三部分对德国、美国的关于未成年人的缔约能力的规定进行了阐述与分析,并总结了该两国在这一问题上可以为我国参考、借鉴的经验。第四部分阐述了本文关于未成年人缔结电子合同问题的一些解决办法的建议,通过第二部分发现的问题,并借鉴外国的可行规定,给出了建议。
关键词:电子合同;未成年人缔结的电子合同;未成年人的缔约能力;未成年人电子合同缔约能力
Abstract
Today, because of the rapid development of Internet information technology, network operation is becoming increasingly convenient.More and more internet users are young people, the number of minors who are internet users is increasing, which brought a series of problems. The mental maturity of minors is different from that of adults, and their ability to understand and improve the ability to identify the contract is naturally different from adults. In particular, the electronic contract has its own unique characteristics. The conclusion process and result of the electronic contract may be different from the traditional contract, which makes it necessary to study the ability of minors to conclude the electronic contract.This paper starts from the basic concept and characteristics of electronic contract, and compares the relevant regulations with the United States and Germany, sums up the experience and puts forward the solution.The first part is an overview of the electronic contract, mainly to clarify the concept of electronic contract and its characteristics. Electronic contract is the emergence of e-commerce, although the concept is known to most people, there is no consensus to reach a definition of each of their differences. Compared with the traditional contract, the electronic contract has its particularity, the study of the characteristics of the electronic contract for the study of minors on the contractual capacity of electronic contracts is essential.The second part analyzes the typical cases of juveniles' conclusion of electronic contracts in online transactions, and analyzes the existing problems according to the current regulations of our country. Only by clarifying the problems of minors in the contract of electronic contract, can we find a better solution. The third part describes and analyzes the rules of German,and the United States on the contracting capacity of minors, and sums up the two countries on this issue can be for our reference, learn from the experience.The fourth part elaborates some suggestions on the settlement of the contract for the conclusion of electronic contracts by minors, and gives some suggestions through the second part of the problem and draws on the feasible provisions of foreign countries.
Keywords: electronic contracts; electronic contracts concluded by minors; contractual ability of minors; electronic contractual ability of minors