摘 要

南宋晚期，内忧外患，在这一时期集中爆发，但国家内部却因为地方官员治理得当，基本维持了稳定的秩序，这一现象背后的一般原因值得探究。榜文制度到南宋已十分成熟，被广泛的运用，较为翔实的记载了这段时期的的历史史实，是一部关于南宋社会治理的百科全书。南宋名臣黄震在任期间所发榜文十分完整地保存在其著作《黄氏日抄》中，本文便以黄震榜文为切口，探究南宋社会治理的一般特点。

本文在研究过程中，主要采用了归纳的方法，将黄震所发榜文，悉数整理，并按照用途与作用的不同，分为政治规范、经济治理、地方控制等三个方面，再对每个方面进行分论证，最终总结出南宋社会治理的一般特点。

经过研究黄震榜文发现，“教化先行”、“政令变通”、“严刑重惩”是南宋社会治理三大特点，这些特点表明南宋社会治理有其内在的逻辑与生命力，并对我国法治建设亦有不可忽视的借鉴意义。

关键词：黄震；榜文；南宋；社会治理

ABSTRCT

In the late period of the southern song dynasty, the internal and external problems were serious, and the outbreak was concentrated in this period. However, due to the proper governance of the local officials, the stable order was basically maintained. The general reasons behind this phenomenon are worth exploring. By the time of the southern song dynasty, the system of bangwen had become very mature and was widely used. It recorded the historical facts of this period in a more accurate way and was an encyclopedia about the social governance of the southern song dynasty. Huang Zhen, a famous official of the southern song dynasty, kept his bangwen completely in his book "Huang's daily copy". This paper takes Huang Zhen's bangwen as an example to explore the general characteristics of social governance in the southern song dynasty.

In the process of research, this paper mainly adopts the method of induction to sort out all the list articles issued by Huang Zhen and divide them into three aspects, including political norms, economic governance and local control, according to the different USES and functions. Then, it fully demonstrates each aspect and finally summarizes the general characteristics of social governance in the southern song dynasty.

Through the study of Huang Zhen's writings, it is found that the three major characteristics of social governance in the southern song dynasty are "education first", "government order flexibility" and "severe punishment and severe punishment". These characteristics indicate that the social governance in the southern song dynasty has its internal logic and vitality, and has a reference significance for the construction of the rule of law in China.

Key word：Huang Zhen；Bangwen；Southern Song dynast；Social governance

目录

摘要 1

ABSTRCT 1

1.绪论 1

1.1选题背景 1

1.2研究意义 1

1.3研究现状分析 1

2.黄震榜文的主要内容 2

2.1榜文制度略述 2

2.2黄震及其榜文 2

3.黄震榜文在社会治理中的作用 4

3.1政治规范 4

3.1.1思想管控 4

3.1.2吏治整顿 5

3.1.3平决讼狱 6

3.2 经济治理 8

3.2.1赈济救灾 8

3.2.2生产规范 11

3.2.3宽缓役税 12

3.3地方控制 12

3.3.1宽宥劝化 12

3.3.2威慑打击 13

4.从黄震榜文管窥南宋社会治理的特点及启示 15

4.1教化先行，重视预防 15

4.2政令变通，因地制宜 15

4.3严刑重惩，稳定秩序 16

5.余论——基于榜文制度的成效对“皇权不下县”观点的质疑 17

参考文献 18

致谢 19

1.绪论

1.1选题背景

 宋朝是我国古代政治、经济、文化高度发达的朝代，是继唐朝后社会发展的另一个高峰。宋代政治高度发达，市民阶层迅速崛起，科技水平突飞猛进，是研究古代历史的绝好窗口。南宋时期，国家社会陷入积贫积弱的困境，但在此期间基层社会的治理却依然在稳步运行。因此研究南宋的地方治理案例，有助于我们更加全面地认识南宋控制社会的具体做法。宋朝是运用榜文最活跃的时期，通过观察榜文制度在运行过程中遇到的互动与阻碍，从而更加具体地感知社会阶层之间的力量对比。榜文制度作为中央向地方传达意志的重要手段，是了解南宋社会治理的良好窗口。

黄震是南宋末期的能臣良吏，其在任期间，将榜文作为治理地方的重要手段，不仅可以看出其在治理社会过程中显现的儒家思想，还真实的反映了朝廷政策在地方贯彻落实遇到的阻力与挑战，以及各种变通的应对方法，是南宋地方治理的生动案例。