论文总字数：22936字

摘 要

近年来，在世界经济全球化的推动下，国际贸易始终保持着较快的发展速度，总体模式虽然早已形成，但其中交易的各个环节一直随着科学技术的进步而更新变化。电子提单可替代传统提单就是电子信息科技发展的背景下产生的新兴贸易方式的典型代表。不过，虽然国际商事主体在交易过程中越来越频繁的选择使用电子提单，但是电子提单跟随经济发展的速度过快，相关法律法规的出台和更新不及时，现行相关法律规范已经不能妥善解决交易实践中出现的诸多纠纷了。本文旨在分析电子提单流通过程中涉及的法律问题并思考对应的风险防范措施。尝试综合比较分析法、文献分析法和理论分析的方法去探究关于电子提单的最新法律问题和解决途径。全文共四个部分。首先从传统纸质提单切入，简要介绍提单，再引出电子提单的由来和发展状况；接着第二部分是对涉及电子提单的国际法律规范方面的分析思考；随后进入对电子提单流通过程中和流通结束后可能面临的法律风险分析；最后一部分是对我国电子提单流通情况和相关法律规范的总结分析，将我国法律规定与国际法律规范进行对比说明，给出我国尚待改进的建议和思考。

关键词：电子提单 法律风险 防范机制

Study on the Risk and Preventive Mechanism of Electronic Bill of Lading

Abstract

In recent years, driven by the globalization of the world economy, international trade has always maintained a relatively rapid development rate. Although the overall model has long been formed, all links in the transaction have been updated and changed with the advancement of science and technology. The electronic bill of lading can replace the traditional bill of lading, which is a typical representative of the emerging trading methods generated in the context of the development of electronic information technology. However, although international commercial entities choose to use electronic bills of lading more and more frequently in the transaction process, electronic bills of lading follow economic development too fast, and the introduction and update of relevant laws and regulations are not timely. There have been many disputes. This article aims to analyze the legal issues involved in the circulation of electronic bills of lading and consider the corresponding risk prevention measures. Try to use comprehensive comparative analysis, literature analysis and theoretical analysis to explore the latest legal issues and solutions to electronic bills of lading. The full text has four parts. First cut in from a traditional paper bill of lading, briefly introduce the bill of lading, and then lead to the origin and development status of the electronic bill of lading; then the second part is the analysis and consideration of the international legal norms related to the electronic bill of lading; Analysis of the legal risks that may be faced after the end; the last part is a summary analysis of China ’s electronic bill of lading circulation and related legal norms. It compares and clarifies China ’s legal provisions with international legal norms, and gives suggestions and thoughts for China ’s yet to be improved.

Key words：Electronic bills of lading； legal risks； prevention mechanisms

目录

中文摘要.................................................I

英文摘要................................................II

引言.....................................................1

一、电子提单概况.........................................2

（一）提单简述...........................................2

（二）电子提单的产生和发展...............................2

1. 电子提单产生的技术基础................................3

2. 电子提单的定义........................................3

3. 电子提单的兴起与成长..................................4

二、电子提单流通的国际法律规范...........................5

（一）电子提单流通的国际法律规范.........................5

1. CMI《电子提单规则》...................................5

2. UNCITRAL《电子商务示范法》............................6

3.《鹿特丹规则》.........................................6

4. UNCITRAL《电子可转让记录示范法》......................8

三、电子提单流通的法律风险问题...........................8

（一）电子提单的安全认证问题.............................9

1. 电子提单的安全认证机构................................9

1. 电子提单安全认证机构的法律责任 ......................9

（二）电子提单的证据效力................................10

1. 电子提单的证据地位...................................10

2. 电子提单的证据能力 ..................................10

3. 电子提单的证明力.....................................11

4. 电子提单证据效力的意义...............................12

（三）电子提单的管辖问题................................12

四、完善我国电子提单流通制度的启示......................13

（一）我国电子提单流通的法律规范现状及存在问题..........13

1. 海商事法律...........................................13

2. 电子安全认证法律.....................................13

3. 电子证据法律.........................................14

（二）我国电子提单流通制度的风险防范措施................14

1. 赋予电子提单应有的法律地位...........................14

2. 建立利于电子提单流通的法律体系.......................15

3. 增强电子提单流通的技术支持...........................16

4. 加强国际交流合作.....................................16

结 语 ..............................................18

参考文献 ..............................................19

致 谢 ..............................................21

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