论文总字数：15651字

摘 要

在依法治国的大背景下，深化司法改革十分重要，其目标之一是建立和完善消费者公益诉讼制度。我国陆续制定并颁布了涉及消费者公益诉讼制度的法律法规，为消费者提供了维权的依据，以及为切实开展并落实消费者公益诉讼制度提供了法律原则上的指导。但对于如何构建具体的符合我国当下形势的公益诉讼制度还需要进一步的分析，以避免其在适用的过程中带来难以遏制的副作用。基于我国当前的情势及需要，针对我国垄断企业的消费者公益诉讼制度的研究，该文从四个部分进行了分析：首先，介绍了针对垄断企业而提起的消费者公益诉讼的制度现状。其次，说明了针对垄断企业的垄断行为提起消费者公益诉讼的制度难以发展的原因。再次，分析并借鉴域外的合理经验。最后，对完善和发展针对垄断企业的消费者公益诉讼制度提出建议。总而言之，需要依据我国社会现状、理论成果和司法实践基础，加之借鉴国外的实践经验，从而完善我国针对垄断企业的消费者公益诉讼制度。

关键词：反垄断法 消费者权益保护 公益诉讼制度

Research on consumer public interest litigation system of monopolistic enterprises

Abstract

In the context of the rule of law in the new era, deepening judicial reform is very important, among which the establishment and improvement of consumer public interest litigation system is one of its goals. China has successively formulated and promulgated laws and regulations concerning the system of consumer public interest litigation, which provides the basis for consumers to safeguard their rights and provides legal principles for practically carrying out and implementing the system of consumer public interest litigation. However, how to build a specific public interest litigation system in line with the current situation in China needs further analysis, in order to avoid its application in the process of hard to contain the side effects. Based on the current situation and needs, this paper analyzes the consumer public interest litigation system of Chinese monopoly enterprises from four parts: first, it introduces the system status of consumer public interest litigation against monopoly enterprises. Secondly, it explains the reasons why it is difficult to develop the system of consumer public interest litigation against monopoly behavior of monopoly enterprises. Thirdly, analyze and draw lessons from reasonable experience outside the region. Finally, the author puts forward some Suggestions to consummate and develop the system of consumer public interest litigation against monopoly enterprises. To sum up, it is necessary to improve Chinese consumer public interest litigation system against monopoly enterprises based on Chinese social status, theoretical achievements and judicial practice, as well as foreign practical experience.

Key words: Anti-monopoly law; Consumer protection; Public interest litigation system

目录

摘要 I

Abstract II

目录 III

引言 1

一、针对垄断企业提起消费者公益诉讼的现状 2

（一）垄断中的消费者权益的概念和界定 2

（二）我国反垄断下的消费者公益诉讼制度的立法情况 3

（三）反垄断公益诉讼司法实践情况 5

二、我国针对垄断企业的消费者公益诉讼制度的缺陷 6

（一）主体缺陷 6

（二）程序缺陷 6

（三）保障机制缺陷 7

三、域外针对垄断企业的消费者公益诉讼的经验 8

（一）美日德反垄断民事诉讼制度 8

（二）反垄断公益诉讼制度的国外经验启示 9

四、针对垄断企业的消费者公益诉讼制度的完善 11

（一）重塑反垄断公益诉讼主体制度 11

（二）完善反垄断公益诉讼法定程序 12

（三）建构反垄断公益诉讼保障机制 13

结语 15

参考文献 16

致谢 18

引言

我国有着高度发达的市场经济，因而导致垄断与竞争并存。以保证市场经济有序、稳定发展为目的的《反垄断法》，其内容还涉及到对垄断企业中的消费者个人利益的保护。在市场经济中消费者也是主体，有着多元化的发展形式，因而也引发了频繁的纠纷。众多消费者的权益在面对强有力的垄断企业的损害时，很难能切实全面的得到保障，他们通常因为损失不大，取证困难，个人力量弱小等原因而陷入维权困境甚至放弃维权。

对垄断企业所提起的消费者公益诉讼，需要一套完备的诉讼制度，来保证相较于垄断企业而言位于弱势地位的消费者的合法利益。从《民事诉讼法》、《消费者权益保护法》的相关规定中可以了解到，侵害众多消费者合法权益的违法行为，法定的机关和相关组织可以向人民法院提起诉讼。^[1]但我国市场经济如此复杂，消费者群体也分散庞大，仅根据现有的法律原则很难保障公益诉讼能够完整有效的进行下去。因而通过分析目前我国消费者公益诉讼制度的发展现状及困境，并结合域外的成功经验，为该制度的完善与发展提出建议。

一、针对垄断企业提起消费者公益诉讼的现状

（一）垄断中的消费者权益的概念和界定

1.垄断企业的产生

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