论文总字数：15851字

摘 要

在全球新一轮科技革命和产业变革中，互联网与各领域的融合发展正对各国经济社会发展产生着战略性和全局性的影响。近年来，我国网络预约出租车事业蓬勃发展，便捷了民众出行，提高了社会效率，给社会带来了明显的积极影响。为了规范出租汽车行业市场，积极稳妥地推进出租汽车行业改革，保护消费者合法权益，交通部、工信部等七部委颁布了《网络预约出租汽车经营管理暂行办法》并要求各地尽快出台落地管理细则。然而各地政府制定的管理细则都或多或少地增加了许多规定：加入了户籍的限制（如北京上海），加入了车辆价款的限制（如青岛），加入了轴距、排量的限制等。除此之外，各地的网约车地方立法的限制性条件中存在着程序上的缺陷，这也直接影响了网约车地方立法的效力。

本文从行政法与宪法的视角出发，在明晰管理细则的性质的基础上，具体分析各地网约车地方立法的合法性,进而引出行政权是否能够僭越其应当保护范围的讨论。其实在当今迅速发展的时代，“先破后立”此种合理但不合法的做法实属无奈之举，不应过度谴责，而应当将注意力集中在后续的完善上。

关键词：网约车 地方立法 合法性

The legality of local legislation on online car-hiring in China

Abstract

In the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation in the world, the integration and development of the internet and various fields are having a strategic and overall impact on the economic and social development of various countries. In recent years, the vigorous development of online car-hailing makes people’s going out more convenient, improves social efficiency and brings significant positive impact to society. For the sake of standardizing the taxi industry market, promoting the reform of the taxi industry and protecting the legitimate rights and interests of consumers, the Ministry of transport promulgated the " Interim Provision on Operation and Services Management of Car Reservation via the Internet" and required that local governments to institute administrative detailed rules as soon as possible. However, many places more or less have made some constraints: household registration restrictions on drivers(such as Beijing and Shanghai),vehicle price limit(such as Qingdao),constraints on wheelbase and displacement and so on. In addition, there are procedural drawbacks that will have a direct impact on the effectiveness of the local legislation.

From the constitutional and administrative law perspectives, based on identifying the nature of administrative detailed rules, this paper analyzes the legality of local governments’ legislation on online car-hailing. And then the paper leads to a discuss that if the executive power can overstep its scope of protection. With the times developing, there is no alternative but to destroy first and then establish .We’d better pay attention to follow-up improvement rather than over-condemned reasonable but illegal practice.

Key Words: Online Car-hailing；local legislation；legality

目录

摘 要 Ⅰ

Abstract Ⅱ

一、问题的提出 1

（一）《暂行办法》出台后地方立法具体情况 2

（二）网约车地方立法的评价 3

二、程序、形式视角下的网约车地方立法合法性分析 4

（一）网约车地方立法的基础分析 4

（二）网约车地方立法的性质 5

（三）网约车地方立法的程序 6

三、实体、内容视角下的看网约车地方立法合法性分析 9

（一）对网约车驾驶员户籍的限制 9

（二）对驾驶员学历、年龄等的限制 10

（三）网约车运价问题 10

四、完善网约车地方立法的几点建议 12

（一）提高立法层级 12

（二）降低现行立法的门槛限制 13

（三）保证程序合法 13

结语 14

参考文献 15

致谢 17

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