论文总字数：15402字

摘 要

当今社会，经济飞速发展，交通、通信工具的不断进步，促使国际民商事交往越来越频繁，也加深了其复杂程度。在此情况下，保护弱者利益成为国际私法领域的突出问题。目前，弱者利益保护已经逐渐被各国接受，并体现在各国国际私法立法中。本文介绍了国际私法中的弱者利益保护的概念、发展原因、立法技术以及各国国际私法的立法现状。在立法技术方面，主要通过对比法介绍了运用有利原则、运用强制性规则、限制当事人意思自治以及适用公共秩序保留原则四种方法。本文还以《中华人民共和国涉外民事关系法律适用法》为中心，分析了我国国际私法中的弱者利益保护现状，总结归纳得出我国的弱者利益保护存在保护的范围和制度有限、保护的规定可操作性不强、相关规定的用词不明确以及尚未将弱者利益保护确定为我国国际私法总则中的一项原则这四大问题，并根据我国的实践情况，对我国弱者利益保护的不足之处提出丰富适用对象和制度种类、增强可操作性、司法实践中弱者利益保护的合理适用以及将弱者利益保护规定为总则中的一项原则的建议。

关键词：国际私法 弱者利益 冲突规范

Research in the protection of the interests of the weak in private international law

Abstract

In today's society, the rapid development of economy，transportation and communication tools promote the international civil and commercial exchanges more and more frequent, but also to deepen its complexity . In this case, protect the interests of the weak become a prominent issue in the field of private international law. At present, the protection of the interests of the weak has been gradually accepted by all countries, and is reflected in national legislation of private international law. This paper introduces the concept of the protection of the interests of the weak in private international law legislation, the reasons for development, legislative technology, and the present situation of legislation in other countries. In the aspect of legislative technology, there are four methods: the use of favorable principles; applying the mandatory rules; restricting the party autonomy; applying the principle of reservation of public order. This paper also analyzes the current situation of our country to protect the benefit of the weak in private international law, based on the private international law which our country legislated as the center, and sums up four major questions of the protection of the interests of the weak in our country: the scope and system of protection are limited; the lack of realistic feasibility in the law; "favorable" provisions of the words are not clear; the protection of the interests of the weak has not yet identified as the principles of private international law. According to the practical situation of our country, put forward suggestions on the insufficiency of protection of the interests of the weak in China. For instance: to expand the scope and system of protection; to improve the "blind" conflict norms; reasonably apply to the protection of the interests of the weak; to take the protection of the interests of the weak as a principle in China's private international law.

Key Words: Private international law; Weak interests; Conflict regulation

目 录

中文摘要 I

英文摘要 II

目 录 III

一、 国际私法弱者利益保护概述 1

（一） 弱者利益保护的含义 1

（二） 弱者利益保护的必要性 2

二、 国际私法中弱者利益保护的立法技术 3

（一） 运用有利原则 3

（二） 运用强制性规则 4

（三） 限制当事人“意思自治” 4

（四） 适用“公共秩序保留”原则 5

三、 主要国家的立法统计及分析 5

（一） 仅规定法律适用的国家 6

（二） 同时规定法律适用、管辖权和司法协助的国家 7

四、 我国国际私法中弱者利益保护的现状及完善 8

（一）我国对弱者利益保护的立法及评述 8

（二）我国弱者利益保护存在的主要问题 8

（三）我国弱者利益保护的完善 10

结语 13

参考文献 14

致谢 16

一、国际私法弱者利益保护概述

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