摘 要

随着市场经济的发展，我国出现了各式各样的用工形式，与此同时劳动关系也日益变得复杂多变，劳动争议案件频发。我国现行劳动争议处理机制存在诸多问题，致使劳动争议案件有时难以得到解决，长远来看，如果不加以完善必将影响劳动关系的和谐稳定，从而影响到整个社会的和谐稳定。所以，构建科学完善的劳动争议处理机制具有紧迫的现实意义。本文分为四个部分，首先介绍了劳动争议处理机制这一命题的研究背景及研究现状，并对劳动争议处理机制的基本内容进行了简要介绍，由此引出第二部分我国现行劳动争议处理机制的概述，然后横向对比研究了域外代表国家的劳动争议处理机制，得出其对我国劳动争议处理机制建设的借鉴意义，最后，笔者通过上述研究提出了一些对我国劳动争议处理机制的完善意见。笔者认为，我国现行劳动争议处理机制存在诸多问题，首先在劳动基准立法方面就不够完备，其次由于缺少独立公正的第三方建立的社会公信力，协商程序、调解程序虚化，仲裁机制在日常实践中也呈现出“行政化”、“诉讼化”的特点，大量争议案件进入到诉讼程序，本应是最终救济手段的诉讼机制变成了主要处理手段。我们应当借鉴域外代表国家的经验，强调调解和仲裁程序的作用，或建立专门的劳动法庭来处理劳动争议案件，同时重视政府部门在劳动争议案件中的参与度，促进劳动关系和谐的同时促进我国社会关系的和谐。希望通过本文的研究能够给我国劳动争议处理机制的改进带来一定的启示。

关键词：劳动争议；劳动争议处理机制；调解；仲裁；完善

Abstract

With the development of the market economy, various forms of employment have emerged in China. At the same time, labor relations have become increasingly complex and varied, and labor disputes have frequently occurred. There are many problems in the current labor dispute handling mechanism in China, which sometimes makes it difficult to resolve labor dispute cases. If it is not perfected in the long run, it will inevitably affect the harmony and stability of labor relations, thus affecting the harmony and stability of the entire society. Therefore, it is urgent and practical to build a scientific and perfect labor dispute handling mechanism. This article is divided into four parts. First of all, it introduces the research background and research status of the proposition of labor disputes processing mechanism, and briefly introduces the basic content of the labor dispute handling mechanism, which leads to the second part of the current labor dispute handling mechanism in China. After summarizing and comparing horizontally and studying the labor dispute settlement mechanism of countries represented by extraterritoriality, we draw conclusions from its reference to the construction of labor dispute settlement mechanism in China. Finally, the author puts forward some suggestions for improving the labor dispute handling mechanism in China. The author believes that there are many problems in the current labor dispute handling mechanism in China. First, it is not complete in labor benchmark legislation. Second, due to the lack of social credibility established by independent and impartial third parties, negotiated procedures and mediation procedures, and arbitration mechanisms in daily practice. It also has the characteristics of “administrative” and “litigation”. A large number of controversial cases have entered the litigation process, and the litigation mechanism that should have been the ultimate remedy has become the main processing means. We should learn from the experiences of countries represented by extraterritorial countries, emphasize the role of mediation and arbitral procedures, or establish special labor courts to handle labor dispute cases. At the same time, we should attach importance to the participation of government departments in labor dispute cases and promote the harmony of labor relations and promote our country. The harmony of social relations. It is hoped that the research in this paper can bring some inspiration to the improvement of the labor dispute handling mechanism in China.

Key Words：Labor Dispute；Labor dispute resolution mechanism；Mediate；Arbitrate；Improve

目 录

绪 论 1

第1章 劳动争议处理机制概述 2

1.1我国劳动争议处理机制概述 2

1.1.1劳动争议处理机制的概念及重要性 2

1.2.2我国现行劳动争议处理机制简介 2

第2章 我国劳动争议处理机制的不足 4

2.1自主协商制度不完善 4

2.2调解程序虚化 4

2.3仲裁制度诉讼化 5

2.4诉讼机制主流化 5

第3章 域外代表国家劳动争议处理机制及对我国的借鉴 7

3.1域外代表国家劳动争议处理机制概述 7

3.1.1德国劳动争议处理机制 7

3.1.2日本劳动争议处理机制 7

3.1.3英国劳动争议处理机制 8

3.1.4美国劳动争议处理机制 8

3.2域外代表国家劳动争议处理机制对我国的借鉴意义 8

第4章我国现行劳动争议处理机制的完善 10

4.1完善基准立法 10

4.2完善自主协商制度 10

4.3优化调解制度 10

4.4强化仲裁机制 11

4.5调整诉讼手段 12

结 语 14

参考文献 15

致 谢 15

绪 论

随着我国经济体制改革和劳动制度改革，1986年我国中断了30年的劳动争议仲裁制度得以恢复，之后伴随着1993年施行《企业劳动争议处理条例》、1995年施行《中华人民共和国劳动法》、2008年1月施行《中华人民共和国劳动合同法》、同年5月施行《中华人民共和国劳动争议调解仲裁法》，我国建立起了以“协、调、裁、诉”为核心的劳动争议处理机制。

劳动争议是现如今社会各界都广泛关注的热点问题，不仅如此，维护劳动关系的和谐也是我国构建和谐社会过程中至关重要的一环。劳动争议处理机制是劳动者维护自己合法权益的重要方法和手段，但是当前我国劳动争议处理机制还是相对比较滞后，有许多不足之处需要修改和完善。怎样根据劳动争议的特点、现状以及社会大环境来完善劳动争议处理制度，是与广大劳动者切身利益息息相关的重要制度问题，所以对劳动争议处理机制问题的研究具有重要的意义。

首先，完善劳动争议处理机制有助于维护劳动关系的和谐。劳动关系在社会生活的各个方面都有所体现，可以说现今社会的发展是与劳动关系的和谐呈正相关的。对劳动争议处理机制的研究从大的方面讲，可以促进我国和谐社会的建设，而从小的方面来说，也对用人单位内部劳资双方关系的和谐发展起到积极作用。

除此以外，纠纷的解决依赖于完善的立法体系，如果没有完善的劳动立法来保障，保护劳动者权益就无从谈起。而对劳动争议处理机制的研究，无疑是可以为劳动立法的不断发展完善提供坚实的理论基础的。

第1章 劳动争议处理机制概述

1.1我国劳动争议处理机制概述

1.1.1劳动争议处理机制的概念及重要性