摘 要

民事案由制度是我国民事诉讼中的一项独特制度，案由制度的设立是为了指导当事人与法院的诉讼活动，案由的确认是民事诉讼的开始，案由确认制度的重要地位不言而喻，然而在相关立法与司法实务中，民事案由确认制度并未获得理论界与实务界的足够关注，案由制度的具体规定也十分模糊，目前并未形成一套成熟的案由确认制度，案由确认在实践中处于辅助作用，实质上并未将其制度优势与价值充分发挥。笔者尝试从现行的民事案由制度出发，结合民事案由制度的基础理论，对民事案由制度的历史发展脉络做出总结，以期能够在历史根源及整体制度方面对民事案由确认制度进行解读，并结合具体诉讼程序对案由确认制度的弊端进行剖析，从相关民事诉讼具体程序设置与确认制度具体内容角度为案由确认制度的完善提出针对性解决措施。

第1章为绪论，主要论述选题背景与意义，进一步明确案由制度的应然价值以及在诉讼制度中的实然作用与发展现状，并对国内外学者研究以及司法实务中的相关制度进行简述，同时对文章的主要内容与研究方法进行说明，最后简要总结文章的创新之处。

第2章为我国民事案由制度基础理论与确认现状，系统阐述民事案由制度的相关理论，从案由确认制度的历史沿革分析民事案由确认制度的历史背景与发展脉络，从现行制度与相关司法文件中找寻确认制度具体法规，尝试对现行确认制度的具体内容与运行状况进行分析。

第3章为现行民事案由确认制度存在的问题，结合相关法条与司法实务，指出目前案由确认制度的主要问题，并尝试从制度根源找出其成因。

第4章为民事案由确认制度的具体完善措施，针对案由确认制度存在的问题，从制度建设层与程序设置面对确认制度的完善提出解决措施。

关键词：案由制度、案由确认

Abstract

The civil case system is an important system in the civil litigation of our country. The establishment of the system is to guide the litigants and the litigation activities of the court. The confirmation of the cause of the case is the beginning of the civil action, and the important position of the system of the confirmation of the case is self-evident. However, in the relevant legislation and judicial practice, the confirmation system of civil cases has not received enough attention from the theoretical and practical circles, and the specific provisions of the system are also very vague. At present, a mature system of confirmation of cases has not been formed. The confirmation of the cause of the case plays an auxiliary role in practice, but does not give full play to its institutional advantage and value. The author tries to summarize the historical development of the civil case system from the current civil case system, combined with the basic theory of the civil case system. In order to be able to historical root and the overall system of civil case confirmation system interpretation, and combined with the specific legal procedures to analyze the shortcomings of the system of confirmation of the case, From the point of view of the specific procedure setting and confirmation system of the relevant civil action, the author puts forward the corresponding measures for the perfection of the system of confirmation of the case.

The first chapter is the introduction, which mainly discusses the background and significance of the topic, and further clarifies the due value of the system, as well as the actual role in the litigation system and the status quo of its development. At the same time, the main contents and research methods of the article are explained, and the innovation of the article is summarized briefly.

The second chapter is the basic theory and status quo of civil case system in China. It systematically expounds the relevant theories of civil case system, and analyzes the historical background and development of civil case confirmation system from the historical evolution of the system. From the current system and relevant judicial documents to find the confirmation system specific laws and regulations, trying to analyze the specific content and operation of the current confirmation system.

The third chapter is the existing problems of the current civil case recognition system, combined with the relevant laws and judicial practice, points out the main problems of the current system, and tries to find out its causes from the root of the system.

The fourth chapter is the specific measures to perfect the confirmation system of civil cases. In view of the problems existing in the system of confirmation of civil cases, the author puts forward some measures to solve the problems from the system construction layer and the procedure setup to the perfection of the confirmation system.

Key words: the system of the case, the confirmation of the cause of the case

目录

摘 要 II

Abstract II

第1章绪论 V

1.1选题背景及意义 V

1.1.1选题背景 1

1.1.2研究意义 1

1.2相关研究综述 1

1.2.2国外相关研究综述 2

1.3主要内容及研究方法 2

1.4创新 2

第2章民事案由制度基础理论与确认制度现状 2

2.1民事案由制度的基础理论 3

2.1.1民事案由概念与特征 3

2.1.2 民事案由制度的发展脉络 4

2.2确认制度法规现状 5

2.2.1相关立法文件 5

2.2.2相关司法解释与其他文件 5

2.3确认制度具体内容 6

2.3.1确认方法 6

2.3.2确认主体 7

2.3.3 确认时间 7

第3章现行民事案由确认制度存在的问题 8

3.1确认方法缺乏可操作性 8

3.2确认主体权责规定缺失 8

3.2.1法院确认权扩张妨碍当事人请求权行使 8

3.2.2案由适用错误法律责任归属规定缺失 9

3.3 更新机制繁琐、滞后 9

第4章案由确认制度的完善措施 9

4.1完善案由确认方法 10

4.1.1统一案由确认标准 10

4.2协调确认主体权责关系 10

4.2.1提高当事人确认权价值位阶 10