论文总字数：19705字

摘 要

安全是我们生存和发展的基本保障，也是当今社会、经济、文化发展的永恒主题。我国是一个人口大国，中小学生数量庞大，关注中小学生身心健康发展更是重中之重。

中小学生是祖国的未来，校园向来被认为是中小学生学习生活的天堂、乐土，是孩子们的第二家园。校园安全一直是我们重点关注的问题，但校外安全多多少少被忽视了。随着互联网的普及，新型媒体也快速发展，通过微博、微信等多种渠道，越来越多以往可能不被我们所知的中小学生校外安全事故都暴露在我们眼前，其数量之多，涉及面之广，中小学生群体受害程度之深着实在令人咋舌。中小学生校园内外安全事件不仅影响校园内部和校外活动场所的日常教学活动，而且严重危害到中小学生个人和家庭的利益、社会的稳定和谐。因此如何在重点关注校园安全的同时加强校外活动场所安全管理，让中小学生能在内外同时安全、健康的环境中健康快乐的学习、成长，是一个亟需解决的严峻问题，这对我国教育事业的发展也有着现实而重大的意义。

中小学生校外安全管理相比公共安全管理具有一定的特殊性。首先，中小学生年龄较小，一方面身理上肌体发育尚未成熟、心理上处于懵懂阶段，在面对、处理危机状况时身体协调性不足，认知能力有限，缺乏对事物好坏的基础辨别能力，性格、人格都未定型，容易被外界所影响。另一方面，中小学生与社会接触的时间较短、面积偏小，不了解社会的复杂性。加之当今社会经济文化快速发展、社会建设复杂多样、社会矛盾日益凸显，中小学生校外安全问题更显严峻。但纵使我们现在拥有发达的互联网系统，在面对复杂、庞大的网络信息流时，难免无法做出准确判断，所以只有拨开云雾，方能见青天，从一件件看似偶然的校外安全事故里，找寻其背后存在的必然性。本文旨在借助公共安全管理理论，结合我国现阶段中小学生校外活动场所发展现状，针对中小学生校外活动场所安全管理体系，找出各方在中小学生校外活动场所安全管理中存在的不足之处，提出相应的对策、建议，从而优化现有的中小学生校外活动场所安全管理体系、管理方式、管理制度，使得中小学生们能够拥有一个既能为他们带来知识、快乐，又能为其提供安全保障的校外活动场所。

本文主体有五大部分：第一章绪论，叙述选题的背景、意义、研究内容与方法等。第二章对于中小学生校外活动场所进行综合分析，在传统校外活动场所概念的基础上，提出互联网是新型中小学生校外活动场所。第三章分析中小学生校外活动场所安全问题，主要从显性安全问题和隐性安全问题两个方面入手。第四章研究中小学生校外活动场所安全管理体系，结合对中小学生校外活动场所安全问题地分析，从事故致因理论出发，提出人防、物防、技防和管防的安全管理体系。第五章为结论和政策建议。

关键词：安全管理体系 中小学生 校外活动场所

Abstract

Security is the basic guarantee for our survival and development, and it is also the eternal theme of today's social, economic and cultural development. my country is a country with a large population, and the number of primary and secondary students is huge. It is even more important to pay attention to the physical and mental health of primary and secondary students.

Primary and middle school students are the future of the motherland. The campus has always been regarded as a paradise and a haven for students to study and live. It is the second home for children. Campus safety has always been our main concern, but off-campus safety has been more or less overlooked. With the popularity of the Internet, new media have also developed rapidly. Through Weibo, WeChat and other channels, more and more out-of-school security incidents that may not be known to us in the past are exposed to our eyes. Involving a wide range of people, the depth of the victimization of primary and middle school students is really staggering. The security incidents on and off campus of primary and middle school students not only affect the daily teaching activities within and outside the campus, but also seriously endanger the interests of primary and secondary school students and families, and the stability and harmony of society. Therefore, how to strengthen the safety management of off-campus activities while focusing on campus safety, so that primary and secondary school students can learn and grow healthily and happily in a safe and healthy environment both at home and abroad, is a serious problem that needs to be resolved. The development of China also has realistic and significant significance.

Compared with public safety management, out-of-school safety management of primary and middle school students has certain characteristics. First of all, elementary and middle school students are younger. On the one hand, their physical development is immature and psychologically at a stage of ignorance. When faced with and deal with crisis situations, their physical coordination is insufficient, their cognitive ability is limited, and they lack the basic identification of things. Ability, character, and personality are all unshaped and easily influenced by the outside world. On the other hand, elementary and middle school students have a short contact time with a small area and do not understand the complexity of society. Coupled with the rapid development of today's social economy and culture, the complex and diverse social construction, and the increasingly prominent social contradictions, the safety problems of primary and middle school students outside the school are more serious. But even if we now have a well-developed Internet system, in the face of complex and huge network information flow, it is inevitable that we cannot make accurate judgments, so we can only see the sky and clear the sky from the clouds. In the accident, look for the inevitability behind it. The purpose of this article is to use public safety management theory, combined with the current status of the development of extracurricular activities in primary and middle school students in China, to find out the shortcomings of all parties in the safety management of extracurricular activities in primary and middle school students. Put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions, so as to optimize the existing safety management system, management methods, and management system of the off-campus activities of primary and middle school students, so that primary and secondary school students can have a knowledge, happiness, and safety for them Secured venues outside the school.

There are five main parts in this article: Chapter 1 Introduction, which describes the background, significance, research content and methods of the topic. Chapter 2 conducts a comprehensive analysis of the off-campus activity venues for primary and middle school students. Based on the concept of traditional off-campus activity venues, it is proposed that the Internet is a new type of off-campus activity venue for primary and secondary school students. The third chapter analyzes the safety issues of primary and middle school students' off-campus activities, mainly from two aspects of explicit safety issues and implicit safety issues. The fourth chapter studies the safety management system of primary and middle school students 'off-site activities. Combining the analysis of the safety issues of primary and middle school students' off-site activities, the safety management system of civil air defense, physical air defense, technical air defense and management and defense is proposed based on the accident cause theory. Chapter 5 is conclusions and policy recommendations.

Key Words：Safety management system Primary and middle school students Venues outside the school

目 录

第一章 绪论 8

一、课题研究的背景 9

二、课题研究的意义 10

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