论文总字数：24201字

摘 要

在研究社会组织的内部治理结构的过程中，基金会的特殊组成形式使它与其他形式的社会组织明显得区分开来。在国内外研究基金会内部治理机制的文献中，往往注重于基金会特殊的组成形式，这种特殊的组成形式最直观的切入点总是聚焦于理事会的运作与工作方法上。

本文基于基金会理事的特殊地位，通过研究国内基金会理事选任机制的特征、出发点和不足、分析内部治理主体的联动关系，反映出国内基金会内部治理存在的普遍问题，并通过对比国内外在基金会方面工作的实践差异，合理借鉴，取其精华，去其糟粕。本文的逻辑结构基于选任机制的解释与内在主体与其他利益主体的相互关系，形成了一种由内向外的层次结构，选任方法本身的完善、基金会内部自省机制的改造和来自政府社会的监督这三部分，组成基金会理事选任机制的运行，它们相辅相成，共同发挥作用。最终探索国内基金会理事选任机制可以采取的改进办法，提出可行措施。

关键词：基金会 理事选任 内部治理 监事会

Research on the Current Situation Difficulties and Strategies of the Selection Mechanism of Foundation Directors

Abstract

In the process of studying the internal governance structure of social organizations the special form of foundation makes it distinct from other forms of social organizations,In the literature on the internal governance mechanism of foundations at home and abroad special forms of foundations are often emphasized,The most intuitive entry point of this special form of foundations is always focused on the operation and working methods of the board of directors.

Based on the special status of the foundation directors, this paper, through studying the characteristics, starting points and shortcomings of the selection mechanism of the domestic fund directors, and analyzing the linkage relationship between the internal governance entities, reflects the general problems existing in the internal governance of the domestic foundations, and draws lessons from the practical differences between the domestic and foreign Foundation committees, so as to draw lessons from the essence and remove the dross. The logical structure of this paper is based on the explanation of the selection mechanism and the relationship between the internal subject and other stakeholders. It forms a hierarchical structure from the inside to the outside. The perfection of the selection method itself, the transformation of the internal self-examination mechanism of the foundation and the supervision from the government and society constitute the operation of the selection mechanism of the foundation directors. They complement each other and play a common role. Finally, it explores the improvement measures that can be taken in the selection mechanism of the directors of domestic foundations, and puts forward feasible measures.

Key Words: Foundation; Appointment of directors;Internal management; board

目 录

中文摘要………………………………………………………………………………………I

英文摘要………………………………………………………………………………………II

引言……………………………………………………………………………………1

（一）研究背景……………………………………………………………………………1

（二）研究意义……………………………………………………………………………2

（三）研究方法……………………………………………………………………………3

（四）研究难点与创新点…………………………………………………………………3

（五）研究思路……………………………………………………………………………3

一、基金会理事选任机制的理论基础…………………………………………………………5

（一）文献综述……………………………………………………………………………5

（二）理论基础……………………………………………………………………………7

1.委托—代理理论…………………………………………………………………7

2.激励理论…………………………………………………………………………8

3.志愿失灵理论……………………………………………………………………8

二、基金会理事选任机制的现状…………………………………………………………9

（一）理事会的选任方法…………………………………………………………………9

1.第一届理事会……………………………………………………………………9

2.临时增补理事……………………………………………………………………9

3.换届选举…………………………………………………………………………10

3.罢免机制…………………………………………………………………………10

（二）理事会在基金会的地位…………………………………………………………11

（三）理事会选任与其他主体的相互关系……………………………………………11

1.基金会内部管理………………………………………………………………11

2.政府监管…………………………………………………………………………12

3.社会监督…………………………………………………………………………12

三、基金会理事选任机制的困境及成因……………………………………………………13

（一）选任机制的局限…………………………………………………………………13

1.选任条件的设置…………………………………………………………………13

2.选任方法的设置…………………………………………………………………14

（二）内部监督管理的不足……………………………………………………………15

（三）外部监督管理的缺失……………………………………………………………15

（四）造成基金会理事选任机制困境的原因…………………………………………16

1.选任机制不成熟………………………………………………………………16

2.基金会章程制定过程不规范……………………………………………………17

3.理事选任的监督和评估机制不完善……………………………………………17

4.信息披露滞后……………………………………………………………………18

四、国内外基金会理事选任机制的比较与思考…………………………………………19

（一）选任方法的比较…………………………………………………………………19

（二）监管方式的借鉴…………………………………………………………………19

1.英国的慈善委员会………………………………………………………………19

2.美国的民间慈善评估机构……………………………………………………20

3.德国的第三方评估监测…………………………………………………20

五、基金会理事选任机制的改进策略……………………………………………………21

（一）改进与完善当前基金会理事选任方法………………………………………21

1.规范化选任方法的设立…………………………………………………………21

2.完善法律法规体系与政策扶持…………………………………………………21

（二）强化基金会的内部治理…………………………………………………………22

（三）优化基金会理事选任监督与评估机制…………………………………………22

1.建立健全信息披露机制…………………………………………………………22

2.完善对基金会内部激励机制…………………………………………………22

3.丰富监管渠道………………………………………………………………22

结语………………………………………………………………………………24

参考文献…………………………………………………………………………25

致谢………………………………………………………………………………28

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