河长制实施困境及优化路径研究 ----以浦口区江浦街道为例毕业论文
2020-04-20 13:52:47
摘 要
2007年无锡爆发“太湖蓝藻”水污染事件,无锡市政府首创“河长制”,并在之后治理河湖污染取得较好效果。至此,“河长制”治污理念被各省市所吸收,并结合所管辖水域进行创新。本文是建立在众多“河长制”理论的基础上,联系当今整体水环境治理现状,介绍国内关于“河长制”相关理论研究与实践情况。本课题主要研究或解决如下问题:南京市浦口区江浦街道“河长制”兴起与发展;阐述江浦街道“河长制”实行过程中遇到的困境;介绍国内相关理论研究和实践情况;提出对“河长制”路径优化的对策;总结国内相关经验并从理论上优化“河长制”APP模型;联系实际,从实践上论证对策可行性,总结“河长制”未来的有效运用模式。以深化服务“河长制”水治理理论,从而全面协调可持续发展,让“河长制”成为我国解决河湖水污染治理的“利刃”。
关键词:河湖治理 河长制 困境 江浦街道
Research on Difficulties and Optimized Path of River Chief System Implementation
----Take Jiangpu Street in Pukou District as an Example
Abstract
In 2007, the "Taihu cyanobacteria" water pollution event broke out, Wuxi municipal government initiated the "river chief system", and achieved good results in combating the river and lake pollution. So far, the concept of "river chief system" has been absorbed by various provinces and cities and innovated by combining with the unique situation in their jurisdiction.This paper combines theory with practice, first puts forward the research questions, introduces the domestic relevant theoretical research and practice on "river chief system ", and carries out relevant theoretical analysis. This paper mainly studies the following problems: the rise and development of "river chief system" in Jiangpu Street, Pukou District; the difficulties encountered in the implementation of "river chief system" in Jiangpu Street; the introduction of domestic relevant theoretical research and practice; the proposed countermeasures for optimizing the path of "river chief system"; the summary of relevant domestic experience and the optimization of APP model from a theoretical view. The goals of this paper are to prove the feasibility of countermeasures, summarize the effective APPlication mode of river length system in the future, deepen the theoretical study serving "river chief system", and better improve the construction of ecological civilization system with Chinese characteristics.
Key Words: River and Lake governance;River chief system;Dilemma; Jiangpu Street
目 录
中文摘要.......................................................................................................................................Ⅰ
英文摘要.......................................................................................................................................Ⅱ
引言 1
(一)研究背景 1
(二)研究意义 1
(三)研究思路 2
(四)研究方法 2
一、河长制概述与理论阐释 3
(一)“河长制”概述 3
(二)江苏省“河长制”的运行机制 6
(三)理论基础 7
二、浦口区江浦街道河长制实施分析 10
(一)浦口区江浦街道河湖介绍 10
(二)浦口区江浦街道“河长制”现状分析 11
(三)江浦街道“河长制”治理水污染成效 13
三、江浦街道河长制实施困境及原因分析 15
(一)“河长制”行政体制顽疾 15
(二)居民的河湖环保意识低 17
(三)“河长制”参与度低 18
(四)“河长制”运行机制不完善 20
(五)“河长制”法律法规空缺 21
四、江浦街道河长制优化路径 22
(一)优化行政体制改革 22
(二)提高公众河湖环保意识 23
(三)鼓励社会与市场力量参与 24
(四)完善“河长制”运行机制 26
(五)修订相关法律法规 26
结束语 27
参考文献 29
附注 32
致谢 38
引言
(一)研究背景
改革开放后,尤其是近十几年来,我国社会生产力水平得到巨大的提升,经济持续高速增长,人民生活质量也越来越高,社会发展也步入一个全新的时代。但当今社会仍以GDP指标作为衡量经济发展水平的模式,从根本上还未改变。一些地方政府忽视河湖环境保护,盲目支持经济效益高的生产活动,而对高污染企业并不重视管理,甚至一些企业片面追求利润,宁愿承担罚款也不愿意取消高污染项目,将大量污染物未经处理或只是简单处理,就排入空气或者河流中,导致当地一系列如空气污染、水污染等环境污染问题的发生。
在我国,河湖等水资源具有鲜明的公共性需求,且水资源属于公共资源具有非排他性,非竞争性,不平衡性。[1]虽有众多相关水治理的法律法规,但在实际运用中几乎没有太大作用。
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