摘 要

中国作为一个农业大国，农村老年居民是养老问题的焦点。在我国老龄化进程中，由于经济、文化、政策等因素，使得老年人处于弱势地位，加上我国长久以来形成的城乡二元经济结构，导致农村老年人口的养老问题愈加严重。随着农村老年人口在总人口中所占比重逐年上升，老龄人口总量的不断增加，研究和分析农村居民养老过程中存在的问题，提出相应的解决对策及建议有一定的现实意义。

本文从我国农村居民养老问题的现实情况出发，梳理了国内外有关方面的主要研究文献和观点，从历史角度阐述了我国农村养老模式的变迁，分析了我国农村养老在经济、文化、政策三方面存在的具体问题，基于我国国情，在借鉴国外农村养老方面成功经验的基础上，提出解决我国农村居民养老问题的相关对策和建议，以期为我国的社会发展有所助益。

关键词：农村养老 养老困境 家庭养老

Research on the Problems of Rural Residents’ pension in China

Abstract

As a large agricultural country, China’s rural residents are at the heart of pension issues. In the process of aging in China, due to factors such as economy, culture, and policies, the elderly are in a disadvantaged position. Coupled with our long-standing urban-rural dual economic structure, the old age problem in the rural elderly population has become increasingly serious. As the proportion of the rural elderly population in the total population rises year by year, the total population of old age continues to increase. Research and analysis of the problems existing in the process of rural residents in the process of endowment, and put forward corresponding solutions and suggestions have definite practical significance.

This paper starts from the reality of rural residents' pension in China, and sorts out the core research literature and viewpoints of relevant domestic and foreign parties. It elaborates the changes of China's rural old age care model from a historical point of view and analyzes the three aspects of our country's rural old age support: economy, culture and policy. The specific problems existed, based on China's national conditions, and on the basis of the successful experiences of rural old age support in foreign countries, the relevant countermeasures and suggestions for resolving rural residents' pension problems in China were proposed in order to help our country’s social development.

Keyword:Rural retirement Pension difficulties Family pension

目录

摘要...............................................................................................................................................I

Abstract....................................................................................................................................II

第一章 绪论...........................................................................................................................1

1.1研究背景.......................................................................................................................1

1.2研究意义.......................................................................................................................2

1.3研究内容及方法..........................................................................................................2

1.3.1研究内容..........................................................................................................2

1.3.2研究方法..........................................................................................................3

第二章 国内外相关研究综述及相关内容概述.......................................4

2.1国内外农村养老研究综述..............................................................................4

2.1.1国外农村养老研究概况....................................................................4

2.1.2国内农村养老研究概况.....................................................................5

2.2相关内容概述..............................................................................5

2.2.1农村居民养老的相关概念界定...............................................................5

2.2.2农村社会养老保险制度..........................................................................6

2.2.3农村居民养老模式分类...............................................................................6

1. 我国农村养老模式的变迁和面临的现实困境.............................8

3.1我国农村养老模式的历史变迁............................................................................8

3.1.1我国农村居民养老模式的历史回顾.....................................................8

3.1.2我国农村居民养老模式的历史变迁特点...........................................9

3.2我国农村养老面临的现实困境............................................................................9

3.2.1我国农村养老面临的经济困境...............................................................9

3.2.2我国农村养老面临的文化困境...............................................................10

3.2.3我国农村养老面临的政策困境...............................................................11

第四章 农村养老的国际成功经验借鉴........................................................... .....12

4.1发达国家的农村养老成功经验............................................................................12

4.1.1日本农村养老成功经验.......................................................................12

4.1.2德国农村养老成功经验................................................ ...........................12

4.2发展中国家的农村养老成功经验........................................................................13

4.2.1波兰农村养老成功经验............................................................................13

4.2.2巴西农村养老成功经验............................................................................13

4.3成功经验借鉴............................................................................................................13

第五章 我国农村养老问题的对策建议................................................................15

5.1我国农村养老问题的经济对策............................................................................15

5.2我国农村养老问题的文化对策............................................................................16

5.3我国农村养老问题的政策建议............................................................................17

结论.............................................................................................................................................19参考文献..................................................................................................................................20致谢............................................................................................................................................22

绪论

1.1研究背景

党的十九大报告明确提出要在“老有所养”方面不断取得新的突破，“老有所养”是我们每个人对未来老年生活的期许，也是需要我们每个人去密切关注的问题。