论文总字数：25518字

摘 要

中小企业作为国民经济的重要组成部分，占据了全国企业近七成的份额，但是融资困难的问题一直困扰这中小企业的发展。尤其是江浙地区，作为全国经济发展的排头兵，当地中小企业融资问题不容忽视。近年来，随着我国经济的不断发展和全球化进程的不断推进，以及中央鼓励我国东部、南部等经济率先发展起来的的地区要向更高层次、高附加值的产业进行转型，这就意味着江浙地区中小企业面临产业升级的发展机遇，融资需求也日渐增大，虽然江浙地区长期的快速经济增长使得当地金融市场发展较全国水平来看是领先的，但是当地中小企业融资难、融资贵的问题一直没有得到解决。虽然国家多次提出加大对中小企业的扶持并指示放宽中小企业融资的限制，然而江浙地区中小企业的企业主依旧难以快速、方便的获得资金导致资金链断裂甚至破产。因此，为了解决中小企业融资难融资贵的问题，探索出适合我国中小企业融资方式是十分必要的。

文章运用了案例分析的方式，以云意电气为例，分析了江浙地区中小企业融资的困境所在和融资对策。研究表明，江浙地区中小企业正处于产业转型升级的关键阶段，需要大量资金。但由于立法的不完善和中小企业在获取银行贷款中处于劣势地位，使得江浙地区中小企业难以获取充足的资金，使得中小企业不得不以保守的策略进行发展，对于云意电气融资的对策也佐证了这一点。为了解决这一问题，一是江浙地区中小企业要重视内部融资的使用，二是要灵活利用江浙地区较为发达的金融业和地区银行，利用地区中银行之间的竞争，为当地中小企业的融资取得有利条件。

关键词：中小企业；内部融资；银行业竞争

Study on financing of small and medium-sized enterprises in Jiangsu and Zhejiang Province -- Taking Yunyi electric as an example

Abstract

As an important part of the national economy, small and medium-sized enterprises account for nearly 70% of the national enterprises, but the problem of financing difficulties has been plagued the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. Especially in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, as the vanguard of national economic development, the financing problem of local small and medium-sized enterprises can not be ignored. In recent years, with the continuous development of China"s economy and the continuous advancement of globalization, as well as the central government"s encouragement to the eastern and southern regions of China, which take the lead in economic development, to transform to higher-level and high value-added industries, this means that SMEs in Jiangsu and Zhejiang are facing the development opportunity of industrial upgrading, and the financing demand is also increasing, Although the long-term rapid economic growth of Jiangsu and Zhejiang makes the development of local financial market ahead of the national level, the problem of financing difficulty and high financing cost of local small and medium-sized enterprises has not been solved. Although the state has repeatedly proposed to increase the support for small and medium-sized enterprises and instructed to relax the financing restrictions of small and medium-sized enterprises, it is still difficult for the entrepreneurs of small and medium-sized enterprises in Jiangsu and Zhejiang to obtain funds quickly and conveniently, leading to the rupture of capital chain and even bankruptcy. Therefore, in order to solve the problem of difficult and expensive financing for small and medium-sized enterprises, it is very necessary to explore suitable financing methods for small and medium-sized enterprises in China.

This paper uses the case analysis method, taking Yunyi electric as an example, analyzes the financing difficulties and Financing Countermeasures of small and medium-sized enterprises in Jiangsu and Zhejiang. Research shows that SMEs in Jiangsu and Zhejiang are in the key stage of industrial transformation and upgrading, and need a lot of funds. However, due to the imperfect legislation and the inferior position of small and medium-sized enterprises in obtaining bank loans, it is difficult for small and medium-sized enterprises in Jiangsu and Zhejiang to obtain sufficient funds, which makes small and medium-sized enterprises have to develop with conservative strategies. The Financing Countermeasures of Yunyi electric also support this point. In order to solve this problem, first, SMEs in Jiangsu and Zhejiang should pay attention to the use of internal financing; second, they should make flexible use of the relatively developed financial industry and regional banks in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and make use of the competition among regional banks to obtain favorable conditions for the financing of local SMEs.

Key words: small and medium-sized enterprises; Internal financing; Banking competition

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

III

第一章 绪　　论 1

1.1 研究背景 1

1.2 研究目的和方法 1

1.3 论文框架 1

第二章 文献综述 3

2.1 国外关于中小企业融资问题的研究 3

2.2 国内关于中小企业融资问题的研究 4

2.3本章小结 5

第三章 江浙地区中小企业融资的渠道与困难 6

3.1江浙地区中小企业的传统融资渠道 6

3.1.1权益性融资 6

3.1.2债务性融资 7

3.2.1供应链金融 8

3.2.2互联网金融 9

3.3江浙地区中小企业面临的融资问题的现状 9

第四章 云意电气案例分析 11

4.1云意电气概述 11

4.2 云意电气2019年年报分析 11

4.2.1资金来源 11

4.2.2 云意电气融资方式对该企业的影响 12

4.2.3政府政策对云意电气融资策略的影响 13

4.3国外中小企业融资启示 14

4.4 本章小结 15

第五章 江浙地区中小企业的应对融资问题的对策 17

5.1 江浙地区中小企业的内部融资对策 17

5.2 江浙地区中小企业的外部融资对策 17

结 论 19

致 谢 20

参考文献 21

第一章 绪　　论

研究背景

自我国改革开放以来，中小企业在我国的经济市场占据着举足轻重的地位。中小企业的存在不但为国家提供了大量的税收，同时也是维护社会稳定，增加就业，促进经济增长以及技术创新的重要力量。据统计资料显示，当前我国中小企业的数量已经超过1400万家，创造了我国超过九成的就业岗位，而且还为市场提供了超过四分之三的新产品和65%以上的新产品。由此可见，中小企业对我国的经济、科技、就业等方面都发挥着重要作用。然而，我国的中小企业发展长期受到资金短缺问题的困扰。由于中小企业规模相对较小，抗风险能力差，因此，银行借款和股票上市对于中小企业的审查都会较为严格，因此造成申请周期较长，数额也不是很充足的窘境。而选择民间借款，高额的利息和不确定性使得中小企业的抗风险能力进一步降低。而我国金融市场发展时间较短，仍不完售，使得我国金融市场的法律体系覆盖面不够广，条文不够明确，对于各种可能发生的问题的解释也不慎清晰，导致市场管理相对于成熟的金融市场较为混乱。而中小企业内部的管理由于管理人员素质不足，财务制度不规范，也导致经营风险较大。

而自从2016年以来，我国开始供给侧结构性改革，原本东部的大量劳动密集型产业等低端产业开始向中部，西部转移，而江浙地区作为先富起来的一方和产业转移的起点，亟需大量资金对本企业进行产业升级和产业转型，由原先的劳动密集型向科技型或是服务业进行升级。因此，毫无疑问，江浙地区的企业资金需求量无疑在逐步扩大，无论是研发投入，或是升级产业所需的人才招募与培训都将造成巨大的资金缺口，急切的转型压力使得中小企业的融资压力进一步扩大。

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