慈善机构的内部控制问题与对策研究
2023-02-10 16:04:13
论文总字数:23163字
摘 要
解决贫困问题,一直是党和政府长期以来十分重视的工作,做好扶贫工作,政府起着主导作用,而慈善机构的辅助作用也不可小视。慈善机构能够充分贴近社会,充分发挥为社会服务的职能。他的工作主要是引导群众捐赠,开展志愿活动,扶危济困。过去,捐款助人都是单独个体的行为,我国的慈善事业是松散的、个人化的,而现在这样的行为得到了正规的组织规范,变得集中集体化了。然而,在慈善事业蒸蒸日上的同时,也暴露出了很多发展问题:财务信息不够公开透明、监督机制不完善、内部管理不当等等。要解决这些问题,加强慈善机构的内部控制是重要前提。因此,建立完善有效的内部控制体系对于促进慈善机构的发展是具有一定的理论和现实指导意义。
本文回顾了内部控制五要素,分析了我国慈善机构在内部控制方面的缺陷及疏漏,从五要素(内部环境、风险评估、控制活动、信息交流与沟通、监督体制)入手提出针对性建议,对提高慈善机构内部控制有效性有一定的帮助,在此基础以壹基金内部控制为案例对慈善机构内部控制研究有一定借鉴和参考价值。论文研究对于提高我国慈善机构内部控制具有一定借鉴和参考价值。
论文研究表明:要加强慈善机构内部控制的有效性,促进慈善机构平稳健康地发展,可以从完善慈善机构内部环境、加强对内外部风险的评估、注重对活动环节的控制、促进信息交流与沟通以及改善监督体制五个基本方面入手,借鉴有重大影响力的慈善机构的经验,制定出符合我国慈善机构情况的方法。
关键词:慈善机构;内部控制;内部控制要素
Research on Internal Control and Countermeasures of Charity
Abstract
To solve the problem of poverty has always been the work that the party and the government have attached great importance to for a long time. To do a good job in helping the poor, the government plays a leading role, and the supporting role of charities cannot be overlooked. Charitable organizations can be fully close to society and give full play to their functions as social services. His work is mainly to guide people to donate, carry out voluntary activities, and help the poor. In the past, donations and help-seekers were all individual acts. The charity in our country was loose and individualized. Now, such behavior has been formalized and organized and has become centralized and collectivized. However, while philanthropy is booming, many development issues have also been exposed: financial information is not transparent and transparent, supervision mechanisms are not perfect, and internal management is not proper. To solve these problems, strengthening the internal control of charities is an important prerequisite. Therefore, establishing a sound and effective internal control system has certain theoretical and practical guiding significance for promoting the development of charitable organizations.
This article reviews the five elements of internal control, analyzes the deficiencies and omissions in the internal control of charitable organizations in China, and proposes targeted recommendations based on five factors (internal environment, risk assessment, control activities, information exchange and communication, and supervision systems). It is helpful to improve the effectiveness of internal control of charitable organizations. Based on this, the internal control of Yanbu Fund is a case study of internal control of charitable organizations. The dissertation research has certain reference and reference value for improving the internal control of charitable organizations in China.
The research of the dissertation shows that: To strengthen the effectiveness of internal control of charitable organizations and promote the stable and healthy development of charitable organizations, we can improve the internal environment of charitable organizations, strengthen the assessment of internal and external risks, focus on the control of activities, and promote information exchange and communication. And to improve the five basic aspects of the supervisory system, drawing on the experience of charities with significant influence, formulate a method that is consistent with the situation of charities in China.
Keywords: Charity; Internal Control; Internal Control Elements
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第一章 绪 论 1
1.1 研究背景和意义 1
1.2 研究目的和内容 1
1.3 研究方法和思路 2
1.3.1研究方法 2
1.3.2研究思路 2
1.4 主要概念的界定 3
1.4.1非营利组织 3
1.4.2慈善机构 3
1.4.3内部控制 3
第二章 相关文献回顾 4
2.1国外文献回顾 4
2.2国内文献回顾 4
第三章 慈善机构内部控制现状及问题 6
3.1 慈善机构内部控制现状 6
3.2 慈善机构内部控制的缺陷 6
3.2.1 控制环境较差 6
3.2.2 风险评估缺乏 7
3.2.3 控制活动不力 7
3.2.4 信息交流与沟通不足 7
3.2.5 监督体制不健全 8
第四章 完善慈善机构内部控制的措施 9
4.1 改善内部环境 9
4.2 增强风险评估 9
4.3 加强活动环节的控制 10
4.4 促进信息交流与沟通 10
4.5 完善监督体制 11
第五章 慈善机构内部控制案例分析——以壹基金为例 12
5.1壹基金简介 12
5.2 壹基金内部控制策略 12
5.2.1以内部环境为重要基础 12
5.2.2以风险评估为重要前提 13
5.2.3以控制活动为重要手段 14
5.2.4以信息交流为重要条件 15
5.2.5以监督体制为重要保证 15
结 论 17
致 谢 18
参考文献(References) 19
第一章 绪 论
1.1 研究背景和意义
慈善是人类可贵的崇高的精神品质,体现了个人的社会责任感与个人价值的追求。慈善事业是一项具有实质性内容的充满正义感的道德事业,指人们没有受到外界压力,甘愿奉献爱心、给予帮助的行为和从事扶贫济困的一种社会性事业。而慈善机构是慈善事业发展的依托和载体,也是慈善事业得以平稳运行的保证。慈善机构深刻影响着我国现代经济的发展,它是能够贴近群众的公益性团体, 充分发挥着为社会服务的职能。近年来,我国的慈善志愿者在不断增加,慈善捐赠总额不断增长,可以说,我国的慈善文化氛围越来越浓烈,公民的慈善意识也在不断地增强。
然而,在慈善事业飞速发展的同时,其本身的问题也暴露出来了:单位、个人擅自向社会募集财产的现象时有发生,专款未能专用,慈善机构内部管理不规范,个别地方甚至出现骗捐的违法行为等等。红十字会“万元餐”事件河南省宋庆龄基金会巨额善款用途不明、嫣然基金会董事涉嫌金融诈骗事件,这些慈善丑闻都严重影响了慈善机构的社会公信力,使得慈善捐赠者的信心受到了重创,不利于其长远健康发展。慈善事业对社会政治、经济、文化方面都会产生影响,慈善机构的健康发展已成为国家公信力的试金石,有研究证明,慈善机构内部控制失效是导致慈善机构公信力缺失的重要因素之一。
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