从供给侧角度浅探减税政策的实施路径
2023-02-15 09:10:59
论文总字数:24673字
摘 要
近些年来,中国的经济发展一直以刺激需求为主,从“投资、消费、出口”三个方面入手,拉动经济的快速发展。但是在2017年上半年末,我国总需求中最终消费支出对经济的贡献率为63.4%,近似为资本形成总额贡献率的2倍、货物和服务净出口贡献率的16倍,使得消费成为促进我国经济发展的主要动力,致使我国需求结构发生重大改变,让供需矛盾成为了我国经济发展中的主要矛盾。因此,我国经济发展的重点将不再是刺激需求,而是增加有效供给。
基于我国基本国情,我国政府在政策上要求从“需求侧”管理转向“供给侧”管理。2017年4月18日,李克强总理在“贯彻新发展理念,培育发展新动能”的座谈会上强调:“把改善供给结构作为主攻方向,从供需两侧发力,调整优化经济结构……”。其中,李克强总理在讲话中强调的“简政放权、减税降费”都是从供给侧角度出发而进行的税制结构改革,通过减少企业制度性交易成本,使企业资本投资回报率上升,引导企业扩大生产规模的方式,有效的改善供给端,让我国经济市场释放更大的活力。
“供给侧”管理的有效手段之一,就是减税。通过实施减税政策的方式,来降低税收收入在国民收入中的比重,增加个人与企业的可支配收入,提高企业投资回报率,从而达到刺激消费与投资的目的,使得我国经济适应新常态,拉动我国经济的发展。
关键词:供给侧;税收负担;减税政策;实施路径
Probe into the implementation path of tax reduction policy from the perspective of supply side
Abstract
In recent years, China"s economic development has always been to stimulate demand, from the "investment, consumption, exports" three aspects, to promote the rapid development of the economy. But at the end of the first half of 2017, the contribution rate of the final consumption expenditure to the economy in China"s total demand was 63.4%, approximately 2 times the total contribution rate of the total capital and the 16 times the net contribution rate of goods and services, which made the consumption become the main motive force to promote the economic development of our country, which made the demand structure of our country greatly changed, so that the demand structure of our country changed greatly. The contradiction between supply and demand has become the main contradiction in China"s economic development. Therefore, the focus of China"s economic development will no longer be to stimulate demand, but to increase effective supply.
On the basis of China"s basic national conditions, our government requires policy to shift from "demand side" management to "supply side" management. In April 18, 2017, Premier Li Keqiang stressed in the Symposium "carrying out the concept of new development and developing new kinetic energy", "to improve the supply structure as the main direction, to adjust and optimize the economic structure from both sides of supply and demand." Among them, Prime Minister Li Keqiang emphasized in his speech that "the reduction of power and tax reduction" is the reform of the tax structure from the perspective of the supply side. By reducing the institutional transaction cost, the return rate of enterprise capital investment is increased, the enterprises will expand the production scale and improve the supply side effectively. The country"s economic market has released more energy.
One of the effective means of supply side management is tax reduction. Through the implementation of the tax reduction policy, we can reduce the proportion of tax revenue in the national income, increase the disposable income of individual and enterprise, increase the rate of return on investment, and thus achieve the purpose of stimulating consumption and investment, and make our economy adapt to the new normal and stimulate the economic development of our country.
Key words: Supply side; tax burden;tax reduction policy;implementation path
目录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第一章:绪论 1
1.1研究的背景及意义 1
1.2研究的内容和方法 1
1.2.1研究内容 1
1.2.2研究方法 1
1.3文章结构介绍 2
第二章文献综述 3
2.1国外研究现状 3
2.2国内研究现状 3
2.3小结 3
第三章:减税 4
3.1减税的含义和机理 4
3.1.1减税的含义 4
3.1.2减税的作用机理 4
3.2实施减税的功效 4
3.2.1减税有助于扩大内需 4
3.2.2减税有助于税制优化 4
3.2.3减税有助于经济增长 4
3.3 从供给侧角度实施的减税政策梳理 5
第四章:减税政策的应用性分析 6
4.1减税政策的适用性分析 6
4.1.1我国宏观税负水平 6
4.1.2我国税收痛苦指数 7
4.2减税政策的可行性分析 8
4.2.1数据及分析 8
4.2.2回归分析 8
第五章:减税政策在供给侧改革方面存在的问题 9
5.1减税对拉动有效需求的边际效应呈递减趋势 9
5.2财政缺口加大,持续减税空间不足 10
5.3减税与收费的关系不尽合理 10
第六章:减税政策的实施路径探析 10
6.1数据及变量定义 10
6.2变量定义与解释 11
6.3回归分析 11
6.4模型建立 12
6.5结论 12
第七章:从供给侧角度实施减税政策的建议 13
7.1正确认识减税的必要性 13
7.2注重减税政策与财政支出的协调 13
7.3增加使用透明度 13
7.4找准对接供给侧改革的切入点 13
7.5通过减税清费扭转经济下行压力 13
7.6清理整合政府性基金 14
致 谢 15
参考文献 16
第一章:绪论
1.1研究的背景及意义
2003年10月14日,中国共产党第十六届党三中全会中通过了《中共中央关于完善社会主义市场经济体制若干问题的决定》,将“简税制、宽税基、低税率、严征管”作为我国税制改革的指导原则。由此之后,“减税”便开始作为我国税制调整的重点内容,政府为此也相继出台了一系列的减税政策。。
以第七届全国人大通过企业所得税两法合并法案,公平内外资企业税负水平为起点,到逐次提升出口退税率,提高企业资本投资回报率;从调升个人所得税费用扣除标准,减轻中低收入者的税收负担,到对消费税征税范围的整合,增加居民税后可支配收入;从对车船税、土地使用税政策的整改,到对流转税、所得税等各类税种的整改,降低国民税收负担。这一系列的税制改革,为我国全面实施减税奠定了基础。
剩余内容已隐藏,请支付后下载全文,论文总字数:24673字