论文总字数：27839字

摘 要

科技型小微企业是科技创新最为活跃和最具潜力的群体，对提高区域科技创新水平，促进区域加快转型升级，建设科技创新型区域，推动地区经济发展，深化国家创新体系建设具有非常重要的意义。科技型小微企业成立时间快，经营时间短，无形资产为主要资产的特点使融资困难成为了科技型小微企业发展所面临的共同困境。如何评价科技型小微企业的融资能力成为了现阶段金融业亟待攻克的难题。因此，本文探讨科技型小微企业融资能力评价和提升对策，具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。

本文在回顾文献的基础上做了相关归纳与总结。文章对小微企业、科技型小微企业、融资能力做了概念界定。结合文献和科技型小微企业的特征，从创新能力、偿债能力、盈利能力、营运能力和持续发展能力五个方面建立了科技型小微企业融资能力评价指标体系。文章筛选了18家创业板的上市科技型小微企业作为实证研究的样本，运用主成分分析法对样本数据进行了统计分析。得出盈利能力和持续发展能力是影响科技型小微企业融资能力最重要的两个因素，其次为营运能力、偿债能力和创新能力。

最后文章在理论分析和实证研究的基础上，从企业自身、政府政策、金融机构和市场机制四个方面，提出了提升企业融资能力的对策及建议。

关键词：科技型小微企业；融资能力；评价体系；主成分分析法

Research on Financing Capability Evaluation and Improvement Measures of Science and Technology Small and Micro Enterprises——Based on Growth Enterprise Market

Abstract

Small and micro technology enterprises are the most active group within the highest potential of technical innovation. The group acts in an extremely important role to enhance the regional technical innovation ability, promote the regional industries’ transformation and upgrade, create the innovational region, lead the development of regional economy and deepen the construction of national innovational system. Science and technology Small and micro businesses set up time, operation time is short, the characteristics of intangible assets as the main asset financing difficulties has become a common dilemma faced by the development of science and technology Small and micro businesses. Evaluating the financing capacity of small and micro technology enterprises is the urgent problem for the financial industry. Therefore, the topic, the evaluation of small and micro technology enterprises’ financing capacity and the improving methods in the article, has a great value in the theory and the reality.

I made the conclusion based on the review of a couple of documents. It made the definition of small and micro-enterprise, small and micro science and technology enterprise and financing capacity. With the documents and the feature of small and micro science and technology enterprise, I construct the evaluation index system of the financing capacity of small and micro science and technology enterprise in five aspects, which are innovation ability, solvency, profitability, operational ability and sustainable development capacity.I statistically analyzed 18 listed small and micro science and technology enterprises on GEM by Principal components analysis. It came to a conclusion that profitability and sustainable development capacity are the two most important factors affecting the financing capacity of small and micro science and technology enterprises. And the other aspects such as operation ability, solvency and innovation ability are in the second place.

In the end, based on the theoretical analysis and empirical research, I made countermeasures and suggestions for improving the financing capacity of companies in four areas, which are the company itself, government policy, financial institution and market mechanism.

Keywords: Science and technology Small and micro enterprises; Financing capacity; Evaluation system; Principal component analysis(PCA)

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 选题背景和意义 1

1.2 研究思路与研究方法 1

1.2.1 研究思路 1

1.2.2 研究方法 1

1.3 研究内容及论文框架 1

1.3.1 研究内容 1

1.3.2 论文框架 2

第二章 文献综述 3

第三章 本文理论基础 6

3.1 小微企业及科技型小微企业的概念界定 6

3.2 融资能力的概念界定 7

3.3 影响科技型小微企业融资能力的因素 7

第四章 科技型小微企业融资能力评价指标体系的建立及评价 9

4.1 指标体系构建原则 9

4.2 科技型小微企业融资能力评价指标体系的建立 9

4.2.1 构建指标具体过程 9

4.2.2 具体指标的计算方法 10

4.3 评价方法的选择 12

4.3.1 主成分分析法的理论基础 12

4.3.2 主成分分析法的实施步骤 12

4.4 实证分析 13

4.4.1 样本选择 13

4.4.2 分析过程 13

4.5 融资能力的综合评价 18

4.5.1 主成分综合值的表达式 18

4.5.2 融资能力的综合得分情况 18

4.6 评价结果分析 19

第五章 科技型小微企业融资能力提升对策 21

5.1 小微企业 21

5.2 政府政策 21

5.3 金融机构 22

5.4 资本市场 22

第六章 结束语 23

6.1 结论 23

6.2 不足与展望 23

6.2.1 不足 23

6.2.2 展望 23

致 谢 24

参考文献（References） 25

附 录 26

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