我国促进小微企业发展的财税政策研究
2023-03-29 15:20:46
论文总字数:15746字
摘 要
随着我国经济的不断发展,越来越多的人开始关注小微企业的发展。小微企业是推动产业结构的升级的底层力量,是支撑国民经济的基石。小微企业作为我国市场经济发展的重要组成部分,对解决劳动力,维护社会稳定起很大的作用,但是在现阶段,世界经济特别是中国经济处于调整阶段,小微企业遭受到严重的发展困境,特别是融资难问题,困扰着小微企业的健康发展。为此,我国出台了包括财税政策在内的各项政策措施,但是效果不甚明显。财税政策在促进小微企业发展方面无疑起到了十分重要的作用,但是我国的财税政策还不够完善,在一定程度上影响着小微企业的发展,为此我国出台了一系列关于小微企业发展的财税政策。
本文针对我国对促进小微企业发展出台的财税政策进行了研究,首先从我国小微企业的划分标准和发展状况来进行分析,其次指出我国小微企业发展现状存在的问题以及我国的财税政策存在的不足之处,接着通过国内外发展中国家跟发达国家的对比分析,可以对我国的财税政策提出一点建议,最后总结出我国的财税政策可以从明确小微企业的划分标准,建立完整规范的法律体系,加大政府对担保行业资金的投入,降低货物与劳务税的税负等四个方面进行完善。
关键词:小微企业;财税政策;税收优惠
Research on the Fiscal and Taxation Policies to Promote the Development of Small and Micro Enterprises
Abstract
Development as the cornerstone of the development along with our country economy development, more and more people began to pay attention to small and micro enterprises. Small and micro enterprises is to promote industrial structure upgrade the underlying strength, is to support national economy. Small and micro enterprises in our country market economy development an important part of solving labor, maintaining social stability plays an important role, but at the present stage, the world economy, especially China"s economy in the adjustment stage, small and micro enterprises suffered serious difficulties, especially financing difficult problem perplexing small and micro enterprises healthy development. Therefore, China Taiwan, including fiscal policy, the policies and measures, but the effect is not very obvious. Tax Policy to promote the development of small and micro enterprises undoubtedly played a very important role, but fiscal policy in our country is still not perfect, in a certain extent, affect the development of small and micro enterprises. Therefore, our country issued a series of small and micro enterprise development finance and taxation policy.
Industry division of the comparative analysis of the existing problems in view of our country to promote small and micro enterprise development on the introduction of the fiscal and taxation policy for the study, first, from our country small and micro enterprise classification standard and development situation analysis, and then points out that our country small and micro enterprise development present situation and our country"s fiscal policy is not enough, then the domestic and foreign developing countries with developed countries, China"s fiscal policy put forward a little advice. Finally, summed up China"s fiscal policy can be clear from the small and micro enterprise standards, the establishment of a complete specification of the legal system, increase the government to guarantee the funds investment, reduce the goods and services tax tax and other four aspects Line perfect.
Keywords: Middle and small-sized enterprises; Fiscal policy; Tax incentives
目 录
摘 要 1
Abstract 2
第一章 绪论 4
1.1 研究背景及意义 4
1.2研究内容 4
1.3研究目的 4
1.4研究方法 4
第二章 我国小微企业的划分标准及发展状况分析 5
2.1我国小微企业的划分标准 5
2.2我国小微企业的特殊性 6
2.3小微企业发展面临的困境 6
第三章 支持小微企业发展的财税政策分析和评价 8
3.1支持小微企业发展的主要财税政策 8
3.2财税政策的缺陷 8
第四章 借鉴国外财税政策的经验 11
4.1 发达国家的财税政策 11
4.1.1美国小微企业的财税政策 11
4.2发展中国家的财税政策 12
4.3 国内外政策对比分析 12
第五章 如何完善我国的财税政策 14
5.1 明确小微企业的划分标准 14
5.2 建立完整规范的法律体系 14
5.3 加大政府对担保行业资金的投入 14
5.4 降低税负 15
第六章 结束语 16
致 谢 17
参考文献 18
第一章 绪论
1.1 研究背景及意义
小微企业是经济学家郎咸平提出的一个概念,可能意味着对小企业和微型企业、家族企业、个体工商户的集体企业。小微企业作为国民经济的基石,也就是具有“轻骑兵”的称号,是推动产业结构变革的根本动力。据不完全统计,工商登记注册,中国小微企业业务超过10000000家,此外,还有约30000000个个体工商户,约占中国企业的约97%,在我国GDP中占了60%,在我国税收中占据50%,我国80%的就业岗位也是来自于小微企业。所以,小微企业在增进经济发展,促进社会协调稳固等方面做出了很大的的贡献。但是自从2008年国际金融大危机之后,开始转变,国内的经济政策小微企业的发展变得越来越艰难,所以在与大中型企业的对比当中,小微企业需要国家和政府的支持。
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