弱势群体政治参与路径障碍及其消解毕业论文
2022-01-28 22:15:34
论文总字数:18859字
摘 要
在经济发展和社会转型过程中,产生了各种资源和利益的分配与竞争,社会整体利益格局在不断调整,在此过程中,不可避免地会出现社会公平和正义的问题。弱势群体数量显著增长,他们与其他群体的差距被拉大,其问题日益显现。这一直是党和政府忧心的一大问题,也牵动着全社会的目光。
政治参与作为我国社会主义民主政治建设的主要内容,体现了人民当家作主的主人翁地位和权利,这理应为弱势群体享有和行使。促进弱势群体政治参与,使弱势群体改变自身弱势地位,不论是对于弱势群体自身,还是对于我国政治文明发展和社会稳定而言,都有着非常关键的意义。
本文在尽可能地全面检索相关文献,研究学术界已有研究资料的基础上,定义了弱势群体、政治参与这两个关键含义,然后分析概括了弱势群体政治参与的现状,之后具体阐述了影响因素和路径障碍,最后,对于如何消解这些障碍提出了一些对策建议。
关键词:弱势群体 政治参与 路径障碍 对策
The obstacle of the path of political participation of the vulnerable groups and its elimination
Abstract
In the process of economic development and social transformation, the distribution and competiton of resources and benefits has been generated. The overall interests of the society are constantly being adjusted, in which it is inevitable that social equity and justice will arise. The number of vulnerable groups has increased significantly, and the gap between the vulnerable and the rest of the population is widened and the problem of them is becoming more and more prominent. It has also been a big concern for the Party and the government, as well as the whole society.
As an important part of the construction of socialist democratic politics in China, political participation embodies the status and right of the people as the masters of the country. This should also be enjoyed and exercised by vulnerable groups.Promoting the political participation and changing the disadvantages of vulnerable groups is not only significant for themselves, but also of necessity for our people’s position of ownership and social stability.
In this paper, the relevant literatures are searched as thoroughly as possible to study the existing data of the academic circle. On this basis, this paper defines two key concepts, which are vulnerable groups and political participation, and analyses the path choice and the present situation of the political participation of the vulnerable groups. Then, the impact factors and the path obstacles in the political participation of the vulnerable groups are described in detail. Finally, some suggestions on how to eliminate these obstacles are put forward.
Key words: vulnerable groups; political participation; path obstacle; resource
目录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、相关概念的界定及理论基础 1
(一)相关概念的界定 1
1.弱势群体及特征 1
2.政治参与及其路径选择 2
(二)弱势群体政治参与的相关理论 3
1.社会分层理论 3
2.社会冲突理论 3
二、弱势群体政治参与的必要性 5
(一)维护弱势群体利益 5
(二)促使公共决策民主化科学化 5
(三)维护社会稳定 6
三、我国弱势群体政治参与现状 7
(一)组织化渠道缺失 7
(二)参与形式单一 渠道不畅 7
(三)政治参与能力不足 8
四、影响因素和路径障碍 9
(一)影响因素 9
1.经济因素 9
2.文化因素 9
3.制度因素 10
(二)路径障碍 10
1.缺乏自身利益的代表 10
2.信访制度中冲突多发 11
3.协商对话制度流于形式 11
4.社会团体发展不完善 12
五、消解弱势群体政治参与路径障碍的对策建议 13
(一)发展经济 提高生活水平 13
(二)重视教育 培育政治文化 13
(三)完善制度安排 14
1.提高利益代表比例 14
2.健全信访制度 14
3.完善参与沟通机制 15
4.完善社会保障制度 16
(四)提高参与的组织化水平 16
(五)利用网络 拓宽参与渠道 17
结语 18
参考文献 19
致谢 22
相关概念的界定及理论基础
本文围绕弱势群体政治参与的路径障碍及其消解展开,可以看到,这一课题主要涉及到两个核心概念,那就是弱势群体和政治参与,以下对这两个概念进行具体界定,并介绍了有关的理论基础。
(一)相关概念的界定
1.弱势群体及特征
(1)弱势群体
弱势群体是对于一类人群的统称,概念范围比较广。各学者根据自己研究侧重点不同,也会给出不同的定义。学者杨团这样定义弱势群体:“弱势群体是难以在市场经济中竞争、难以融入社会生活环境、难以享受与其他公民平等权利、远离权力中心的群体。”比起其他人来说,他们在社会地位、经济能力、文化水平、体力、智力等方面处于劣势,无法顺利适应社会生活,无力改变个人生活上的困难。[1]
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