摘 要

浮船坞作为船舶修建行业的重要设施，在船舶维修方面具有重大意义^[1]。随着船舶大型化，浮船坞规模也越来越大，浮船坞的船体结构强度要求也越来越高^[2-3]。本文首先按照《浮船坞入级规范》以及《钢质海船入级规范》2015综合文本的要求，对浮船坞全船结构构件进行规范设计与总纵强度计算。然后，再借助有限元软件MSC.Patran建立全船的模型，利用MSC.Nastran进行船体强度的直接计算，参照《浮船坞入级规范》相关规定，考虑正常的工作状态下的设计波浪条件和各种载荷，对本船船体结构在各种计算工况下的应力水平进行直接计算，按照《浮船坞入级规范》规定的强度标准对本船结构（屈服）强度以及主要结构构件的板格（屈曲）强度进行计算校核。主要分为以下6种工况：1.7 m静水、1.7 m中拱、3.0 m静水、3.0 m中垂、6.5 m静水、6.5 m中拱。计算分析结果表明：在各工况下，本船主要结构构件的板单元应力、梁单元轴心应力结果满足《浮船坞入级规范》对屈服强度的要求，板格屈曲强度满足要求。

关键词：浮船坞；规范计算；有限元计算；屈服强度；屈曲强度

Abstract

Floating dock has a great significance in terms of ship repair as an important facility in the ship construction industry. With ships getting larger, the scale of floating dock is also growing, the requirements of floating dock hull structural strength are also increasing. Firstly, according to the "Floating Dock Classification Rules" and "Rules for Seagoing Steel Ships" consolidated text of 2015, this paper regulate the design and longitudinal strength calculation of floating dock ship structural member. Then, by means of finite element software MSC.Patran , building the FE models of the ship and finishing direct calculation of hull strength by MSC.Nastran. Refer to the relevant provisions of "Floating Dock Classification Rules," considering the design wave conditions and a variety of loads in normal working condition, make direct calculation of stress levels in a variety of computing operating conditions to the ship hull structure. According to the strength standard prescribed in "Floating Dock Classification Rules", make calculation check to structure(yield) strength as well as grid plate (buckling) strength of the main structural component in this ship. Working conditions are divided into the following six: 1.7 m draft hydrostatic, 1.7 m draft hogging, 3.0 m draft hydrostatic, 3.0 m draft sagging, 6.5 m draft hydrostasic and 6.5 m draft hogging. Calculation results show below: In each working condition, the board unit stress and beam elements axial stress of main structural elements in this ship meet the "floating dock classification rules" on the yield strength requirements and plate panel buckling strength meet the requirement.

Key Words：floating dock；specification calculation；finite element calculation；yield strength；buckling strength

目录

第1章 绪论....................................................................................................................................1

1.1 引言..................................................................................................................................1

1.2 国内外研究现状..............................................................................................................2

1.2.1 浮船坞...................................................................................................................2

1.2.2 有限元分析...........................................................................................................4

1.3 本文的研究内容及意义..................................................................................................5

第2章 结构规范设计....................................................................................................................6

2.1 全船概述..........................................................................................................................6

2.2 总纵强度..........................................................................................................................6

2.2.1 进坞船长及重量分布曲线...................................................................................6

2.2.2 总纵弯矩值...........................................................................................................7

2.2.3 总纵弯曲强度.......................................................................................................7

2.2.4 最小中剖面模数...................................................................................................8

2.2.5 总纵强度计算表格...............................................................................................8

2.3 局部强度..........................................................................................................................9

2.3.1 构成舱室周界的板...............................................................................................9

2.3.2 舱室周界板上的骨材.........................................................................................10

2.3.3 顶甲板板.............................................................................................................11

2.3.4 顶甲板纵骨和横梁.............................................................................................11

2.3.5 安全甲板板.........................................................................................................12

2.3.6 安全甲板上的横梁和纵骨.................................................................................12

2.3.7 横向强框架和桁材.............................................................................................12

2.3.8 撑杆.....................................................................................................................13

2.3.9 浮箱端部平台结构.............................................................................................14

2.3.10 天桥结构...........................................................................................................14

第3章 全船有限元模型的建立..................................................................................................15