论文总字数：22134字

摘 要

论文主要研究了超大型新造船出江航行通航安全的关键问题，研究基于船舶特性和通航环境特点两大方面展开。参照超大型船舶数据资料推导出新造船的特点特性，并详细调查了长江中下游段的自然环境和交通环境，并对典型碍航段福姜沙、通州沙、白茆沙段进行重点分析。分析了超大型新造船靠离泊操作、碰撞风险管控、船舶防污染等存在的安全风险，提出了相关措施和建议。

借助武汉理工大学自主开发的网络技术平台Ship Simulation Cloud进行新造船出江航行模拟实验，代入船舶参数控制环境变量，根据实验数据结果总结具体航行时的注意事项并优化航行方案。

研究结果表明：超大型新造船在船舶特点和操作上都具有特殊性，操纵难度较大。且长江下游段通航环境情况复杂，风险等级处于“较高”水平。因此新造船出江航行时存在一定的风险及安全隐患，面临多方面的安全问题。本课题研究具有必要性，可以为新造船通航提供有力的安全保障。

本文的特色：本文利用线上平台进行虚拟航行实验，并结合船舶操纵、船舶避碰、航海学等专业技术知识，在实验中直观地反映超大型船在长江的航行情况，文章既具有专业性理论性的支撑，又不乏创新性和实践性。

关键词：超大型船舶；新造船；长江航行；通航安全

Abstract

In this paper, with the help of the network technology platform Ship Simulation Cloud independently developed by Wuhan University of Technology, the Ship Simulation Cloud was used to carry out the simulation experiment for the outbound navigation of the ultra-large new building ship in the lower reaches of the Yangtze river (especially below nanjing).Experimental analysis in the process of sailing after paragraphs of the waters of the actual conditions, by controlling the navigable environment wind, flow and relevant variables such as traffic flow, the experimental group different navigation effect, use data conclusion comprehensive, systematic analysis of ultra large ship voyage, summed up the most reasonable course according to the practical control process and the optimal navigation scheme.

This paper mainly studies the key issues of navigation safety of super large new building ship in the river, and discusses navigation factors such as navigation resistance, sinking and trim, hull flow field, collision avoidance rules and requirements, etc.

The research results show that the characteristics of very large ships are special, and the navigation environment of the lower reaches of the Yangtze river is complex, which leads to certain risks and safety risks for large ships sailing out of the river.

Features of this paper: this paper will use the network platform to conduct virtual navigation experiments, and combined with ship control, ship collision avoidance, navigation and other professional technical knowledge, in the experiment directly reflect the navigation of large ships, and study the navigation security scheme in line with professional requirements.

Key words: ultra-large ship;VLCC;outbound navigation;navigation safety

目 录

第1章 绪论 1

1.1 研究背景和现实意义 1

1.2 国内外研究现状 1

1.3 研究主要内容 2

1.4 研究目标和方法 3

1.4.1 研究目标 3

1.4.2 研究方法 3

第2章 超大型新造船特点 5

2.1 船舶参数 5

2.2 船舶特点 8

2.2.1 尺度系数特点 8

2.2.2 结构设备特点 9

2.3 操纵特性 10

第3章 长江下游段通航环境分析 11

3.1 自然环境 11

3.1.1 气温和降水 11

3.1.2 主要气象因素 12

3.1.3 潮汐和水位 14

3.2 航道环境 16

3.2.1 福姜沙航段 16

3.2.2 通州沙航段 18

3.2.3 白茆沙航段 18

3.3 交通环境 20

第4章 Ship Simulation Cloud实验 22

4.1 Ship Simulation Cloud简介 22

4.2 超大型新造船出江航行模拟实验 25

4.3 模拟实验结果分析 29

第5章 通航风险分析及安全关键问题 30

5.1 靠离泊问题 30

5.1.1 靠泊 30

5.1.2 离泊 31

5.2 通航风险问题 31

5.2.1 指标体系 31

5.2.2 风险分级 32

5.2.3 风险管控 34

5.3 船舶防污染问题 35

5.3.1 污染种类 35

5.3.2 污染危害 35

5.3.3 防污染措施 35

第6章 研究结论与展望 37

6.1 研究结论 37

6.2 展望 37

参考文献 39

致谢 41

第1章 绪论

·1.1 研究背景和现实意义

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