论文总字数：24899字

摘 要

本文以缓解船舶拥堵问题为出发点，选取单线航道作为研究对象，首先对通航效率以及通航效率下降程度给出了表征公式，其次对船舶交通流拥堵的概念进行了阐述，然后根据选题前期调研取得的航行历史数据，得出判断航道拥堵的量化标准，并简要分析单线航道航行规则的限制性，以及船舶交通流因素对航道交通状况的影响。

为了直观地看出船舶交通流各因素变化对单线航道交通状况的影响，我们先对单线航道进行了通航环境建模，之后利用交通仿真软件Anylogic对单线航道船舶通航过程进行模拟，最终依据仿真实验总结出单线航道拥堵的主要因素，同时在多次重复试验后得出航道拥堵发生时对应交通流因素的临界值。

研究结果表明：单线航道产生交通拥堵的关键性因素是船舶间航速的差异和到达分布规律，而且仿真实验在多次仿真实验后表现出收敛性，结果符合航行实际。最后，根据对文献的总结和仿真实验的结果，文中也提出了一些缓解交通拥堵的对策。

关键词：船舶拥堵；通航效率的下降；Anylogic软件仿真；船舶交通流；受限航道

Abstract

In this paper, the problem of ship congestion is taken as the starting point, and the single lane channel is selected as the research object. Firstly, the representation formula of navigation efficiency and the loss of navigation efficiency is given. Secondly, the connotation of ship traffic flow congestion is described. Then, according to the navigation historical data during the preliminary investigation, the quantitative standard of channel congestion is obtained. In the following, the single lane channel is analyzed briefly, including the limitation of navigation rules as well as the influence of ship traffic flow factors on channel traffic conditions.

In order to intuitively see the influence of various factors of ship traffic flow on the traffic condition, we modeled the navigation environment of single lane channel, then simulated the navigation process of single lane channel by using the traffic simulation software Anylogic, and finally summarized the critical factors of single lane channel congestion according to the simulation experiment. At the same time, we got the critical value corresponding to traffic flow factors after repeated experiments.

The results show that the critical factors which result traffic congestion in single channel is the difference of ship speed and the law of arrival distribution. Simultaneously, the simulation experiment shows convergence after numerous simulation experiments, the good part is experimental results are in line with the actual navigation. Finally, according to the summary of the literature and the results of simulation experiments, the paper also puts forward some countermeasures to alleviate ship congestion.

Key Words：Ship congestion；Decrease of navigation efficiency；Simulator Debugger；Ship traffic flow；Restricted channel

目录

第一章 绪论 2

1.1选题背景与研究意义 2

1.2国内外研究现状 2

1.2.1船舶拥堵 2

1.2.2船舶交通流 2

1.2.3船舶交通管理 2

1.2.4通航效率 2

1.3研究内容和技术路线 2

1.3.1研究内容 2

1.3.2技术路线 2

第二章 受限航道拥堵成因分析 2

2.1船舶交通流拥堵概念 2

2.2通航效率及下降程度 2

2.3航道的通航特征与模型构建 2

2.3.1航道的种类 2

2.3.2单线航道通航特征 2

2.3.3航道模型构建 2

2.4单线航道产生拥堵原因探讨 2

2.4.1船舶在一定时间内的到达数量 2

2.4.2船舶间的航速差异 2

2.4.3船舶的平均航速 2

2.4.4船舶流中的首船航速 2

2.4.5船舶类型和船舶尺寸 2

2.4.6航道长度 2

2.5航道发生拥堵的临界值归纳 2

第三章 基于Anylogic的通航效率变化仿真实验 2

3.1Anylogic软件界面及功能简单介绍 2

3.1.1软件界面 2

3.1.2软件功能 2

3.2仿真实验的设置思路 2

3.3仿真实验的输出结果 2

第四章 结论与展望 2

4.1研究结论 2

4.2解决办法与展望 2

4.2.1增加可追越区 2

4.2.2多体船携带慢船 2

4.2.3其他提速办法 2

4.3不足之处与改进办法 2

参考文献 2

致 谢 2

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