摘 要

大富水大桥是347国道应城市绕城段内的一座特大桥，处于交通要地，每天的车流量都非常大，如果发生事故，就会带来非常严重的后果。因此，应当定时对桥梁的承载能力进行鉴定和评价，而桥梁荷载试验正是桥梁承载能力评价中最有效，最直接和最具有说服力的方法。本文将借助Midas civil软件，对大富水大桥主桥部分进行建模计算分析，得出桥梁的内力图以及动态响应，利用有限元计算得出的设计荷载下的弯矩图选出测试截面；设计加载方式，用设计荷载下测试截面的弯矩进行验算和调整，最后得出最适合的加载方式；用软件模拟计算出试验荷载下测试截面的内力以及应力，完成大富水主桥荷载试验方案的设计。通过这次模拟试验，我们可以看到桥梁荷载试验具有很大的研究前景，希望在以后在荷载试验方面的研究能够有更多进展，让荷载试验在桥梁方面的研究当中有更大的作用。

关键词：桥梁 荷载试验 静载试验

Abstract

The Dafushui Bridge is a special bridge in the section of the 347 National Highway around the city. It is at the center of traffic. The daily traffic flow is very large. If an accident occurs, it will have very serious consequences. Therefore, the bearing capacity of the bridge should be regularly evaluated, and the bridge load test is the most effective, direct and convincing method in the evaluation of the bearing capacity of the bridge. This article will use the Midas civil software to model and analyze the main bridge part of the Dafushui Bridge, obtain the internal force diagram and dynamic response of the bridge, and use the bending moment diagram under the design load calculated by finite element calculation to select the test section; The loading method uses the bending moment of the test section under the design load for verification and adjustment, and finally obtains the most suitable loading method; the internal force and stress of the test section under the test load are calculated by software simulation to complete the load test scheme of the Dafushui main bridge design. Through this simulation test, we can see that the bridge load test has great research prospects. I hope that in the future the load test research can make more progress, so that the load test has a greater role in the bridge research.

Keywords：bridge、loading test、static load test

目 录

第一章 绪论············································································ 6

1.1桥梁荷载试验简介·································································6

1.1.1本课题的研究目的及意义·······················································6

1.1.2本课题在国内外的研究现状·····················································6

1.2桥梁概况········································································7

1.2.1工程概况·····································································7

1.2.2设计要点·····································································7

1.2.3主要材料·····································································7

1.3方案设计的重点··································································8

第二章 有限元模型的建立································································9

2.1软件简介········································································9

2.2建立模型········································································9

2.2.1节点和单元的建立·····························································9

2.2.2截面和材料的定义····························································10

2.2.3边界条件····································································11

2.2.4施加荷载····································································12

2.2.5钢束的输入和预应力载荷的定义················································13

第三章 静载试验·······································································16

3.1测试截面的选取·································································16

3.2设计载荷下截面内力的计算·······················································16

3.3试验荷载下的内力和应力的计算···················································18

3.3.1试验载荷的确定······························································18

3.3.2各测试截面内力和应力的计算··················································18

3.3.2.1 边跨跨中截面处的内力及应力计算···········································18

3.3.2.2 墩顶支点截面处的内力及应力计算···········································21

3.3.2.3 中跨跨中截面处的内力及应力计算···········································23

第四章 动载试验·······································································26

第五章 结论···········································································27

5.1试验方案总结···································································27

5.2结语···········································································28

参考文献··············································································29

致谢··················································································30

第一章 绪论