摘 要

电子巡航系统作为一种新兴的水上交通动态监管技术系统，现阶段还未得到广泛研究，现有的文献资料对电子巡航的技术构成，运行模式等问题进行了初步性讨论。

研究意义在于最大发挥电子巡航的技术优势，在辖区自动巡航监控，重点水域的船舶监控，船舶违章时远程发现和纠正，预防并减少重点水域水上交通事故的发生，实现水上交通安全效益最大化。

本文通过对文献资料的分析以及海事局调研实习归纳出一些电子巡航在重点水域的监控方法。重点水域的划分方法由该水域的通航密度、水上安全事故发生的概率、事故发生后的危害程度、航道条件等因素决定。可将重点水域划分为：桥区、渡区、横驶区、警戒区、锚地停泊区、通航密集区、施工作业区、危险品码头作业区、干支交汇水域等。

电子巡航在重点水域的总体监管方法包括：（1）主动向重点水域船舶提供安全信息服务，提示船舶按照当前水域安全规则航行，加强瞭望，注意航行安全；（2）全天候电子巡航监控，在安全预警、船舶交通流密集、禁航等特殊时段适当增加监控的频率，并做好相应记录；（3）若发现船舶存在违法行为，应当及时远程对船舶进行纠正，远程纠正无效时，立即通知执法大队开艇到现场对船舶进行纠正，并作出违法取证和处罚。

关键词：电子巡航；VTS；重点水域；海事监管

Abstract

Electronic cruise system as a new water dynamic traffic monitoring system, has not been extensively studied at this stage，the existing literature on electronic cruise technology constitute, mode of operation were preliminary discuss.

The significance of the research is to maximize electronic cruise technical advantages, in the area of automatic cruise control, focus on the waters of the ship monitoring, illegal ship remote found and corrected, prevent and reduce the occurrence of key water traffic accident, water traffic safety benefit maximization.

Based on the analysis of literature data and the research practice of the Marine Bureau,this paper summarizes some methods of electronic cruise control in the key areas. The classification method of key water areas is determined by the probability of traffic density, the probability of occurrence of water safety accidents, the degree of damage after the accident, and the conditions of the channel. Can be the key waters are divided into: bridge area, transition area, crossing area, the alert zone, anchorage berthing area, navigation intensive areas, construction operation zone, dangerous goods terminal operation zone, heavenly stems and earthly branches convergent area of etc.

Electronic cruise in focus on the waters of the overall regulatory methods include: (1) the active key waters ship to provide information security service, tip vessels in accordance with the current water safety rules of sailing, to strengthen the lookout, pay attention to the safety of navigation; (2) all-weather electronic cruise control. In safety alarm, vessel traffic flow intensive, ban airlines and other special time appropriate to increase the monitoring frequency, and do a good job in the corresponding records; (3) if it is found that the ship illegal acts shall be remote in time to correct the ship, Invalid remote correct, immediately notify the law enforcement unit open boats to the scene of the ship to correct, and make the illegal evidence and punishment.

Key words:electronic patrol ；VTS ；key waters ；maritime control

目录

1. 绪论........................................................1

1.1 研究背景...................................................1

1.2 研究目的及意义.............................................1

1.3 电子巡航监管国内外研究现状.................................1

1. 电子巡航的基本原理..........................................3

2.1 电子巡航系统的概念及组成...................................3

2.2 电子巡航系统的功能.........................................4

2.2.1 船舶的动、静态信息.....................................4

2.3 VTS系统的概念及组成.......................................5

2.4 VTS系统的功能.............................................6

2.5 电子巡航与VTS的优劣势比较.................................7

2.5.1 电子巡航的优劣势.......................................7

2.5.2 VTS的优劣势...........................................7

2.6 电子巡航与VTS融合监管的可能性.............................8

2.6.1 电子巡航系统与VTS系统融合存在的问题...................8

2.6.2 关于电子巡航与VTS融合的建议...........................9

1. 电子巡航在重点水域的监管方法...............................10

3.1 重点水域的划分............................................10

3.2 电子巡航功能的探索与开发..................................11

3.2.1 电子巡航的特色功能....................................11

3.2.2 特色功能的实现方法....................................11

3.2.3 电子巡航功能在重点水域的运用..........................11

3.3 重点水域的监管方法........................................12

3.3.1 电子巡航的监管方法....................................13

3.3.2 对重点船舶的监管......................................14

3.3.3 电子巡航与VTS融合后的监管模式........................14

3.3.4 电子巡航与VTS的监管改进..............................14

1. 结论与展望.................................................16

4.1 研究结论..................................................16

4.2 研究展望..................................................16

致谢..............................................................17

参考文献..........................................................18

第1章 绪论

1.1研究背景

伴随着电子信息技术的发展，水上交通安全监管越来越现代化,为了改善通航秩序，预防并减少水上交通事故的发生，长江海事局引入了一种全新的现代化船舶监管系统即电子巡航系统。2011年，长江海事局决定在长江辖区水域武汉、芜湖区段正式采用电子巡航系统，并且自从第二年起,在其辖区内全面实行采用电子巡航系统，过去仅仅靠海巡艇人工现场巡航，巡航效率低且监管难以达到全面到位的目的，而电子巡航系统实现海事监管高效全面化，从而引发了社会的大量关注^[1]。

尽管辖区重点水域内的事故数有所减少，但仍是水上交通事故的频发区域。为了保证电子巡航系统在重点水域的有效监管，使得监管效益最大化，本文将探讨电子巡航在重点水域的监控方法。