1. 毕业设计（论文）的内容和要求

重金属污染因其毒性大、难降解、持留时间长等特性而成为环境中的突出问题，金属氧化物是土壤中最为常见的一类矿物，其中水钠锰矿是土壤中最普遍的锰氧化物，具有零点电荷低、比表面积大、氧化性强等特点，是天然环境中最强的氧化剂，是重金属和有机污染物的清除者和重要的汇，对重金属在环境中的迁移、转化及归趋有着较大影响。

本课题以锰氧化物中吸附能力较强水钠锰矿（δ-mno2）为研究对象，研究不同 ph、离子强度、初始浓度等条件下，典型重金属阳离子（ni2 、zn2 、cd2 、cu2 、ba2 、co2 ）在水钠锰矿表面的吸附行为以及潜在机理，并结合文献中的exafs数据验证宏观吸附现象，本论文的研究可为评估重金属在环境中的迁移行为和生态风险提供一定的参考。

具体要求： 1 根据课题要求，准确、充分查找相关中英文文献，写出文献综述。

2. 参考文献

1. KIM D S, AN K G, KIM K H. Heavy metal pollution in the soils of various land use types based on physicochemical characteristics [J]. J Environ Sci Health Part A-Toxic/Hazard Subst Environ Eng, 2003, 38(5): 839-53. 2. STUMM W. Reactivity at the mineral-water interface: Dissolution and inhibition [J]. Colloid Surf A-Physicochem Eng Asp, 1997, 120(1-3): 143-66. 3. EVANS J R. Photosynthesis and nitrogen relationships in leaves of C3 plants [J]. Oecologia, 1989, 78(1): 9-19. 4. MCBRIDE M, KUNG K H. Complexation of Glyphosate and Related Ligands with Iron(Iii) [J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1989, 53(6): 1668-73. 5. MCKENZIE R M. The adsorption of lead and other heavy metals on oxides of manganese and iron [J]. Aust J Soil Res, 1980, 18(1): 61. 6. CONTIN M, MONDINI C, LEITA L, et al. Enhanced soil toxic metal fixation in iron (hydr)oxides by redox cycles [J]. Geoderma, 2007, 140(1-2): 164-75. 7. MANCEAU A, LANSON M, GEOFFROY N. Natural speciation of Ni, Zn, Ba, and As in ferromanganese coatings on quartz using X-ray fluorescence, absorption, and diffraction [J]. Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta, 2007, 71(1): 95-128. 8. STIPP S L S, HANSEN M, KRISTENSEN R, et al. Behaviour of Fe-oxides relevant to contaminant uptake in the environment [J]. Chemical Geology, 2002, 190(1-4): 321-37. 9. LOMBI E, ZHAO F J, ZHANG G Y, et al. In situ fixation of metals in soils using bauxite residue: chemical assessment [J]. Environmental pollution, 2002, 118(3): 435-43. 10. LOMBI E, HAMON R E, WIESHAMMER G, et al. Assessment of the use of industrial by-products to remediate a copper- and arsenic-contaminated soil [J]. J Environ Qual, 2004, 33(3): 902-910. 11. MENCH M J, DIDIER V L, LOFFLER M, et al. A Mimicked in-Situ Remediation Study of Metal-Contaminated Soils with Emphasis on Cadmium and Lead [J]. J Environ Qual, 1994, 23(1): 58-63. 12. WAGAI R, MAYER L M, KITAYAMA K. Extent and nature of organic coverage of soil mineral surfaces assessed by a gas sorption approach [J]. Geoderma, 2009, 149(1-2): 152-160. 13. FROELICH P N, KLINKHAMMER G P, BENDER M L, et al. Early Oxidation of Organic-Matter in Pelagic Sediments of the Eastern Equatorial Atlantic - Suboxic Diagenesis [J]. Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta, 1979, 43(7): 1075-90. 14. NEGRA C, ROSS D S, LANZIROTTI A. Oxidizing behavior of soil manganese: Interactions among abundance, oxidation state, and pH [J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2005, 69(1): 87-95. 15. NEGRA C, ROSS D S, LANZIROTTI A. Soil manganese oxides and trace metals: Competitive sorption and microfocused synchrotron X-ray fluorescence mapping [J]. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2005, 69(2): 353-61. 16. THOMPSON I A, HUBER D M, GUEST C A, et al. Fungal manganese oxidation in a reduced soil [J]. Environ Microbiol, 2005, 7(9): 1480-7. 17. EHRLICH H L. Geomicrobiology: its significance for geology [J]. Earth-Sci Rev, 1998, 45(1-2): 45-60. 18. APPELO C A J, POSTMA D. A consistent model for surface complexation on birnessite (delta-MnO2) and its application to a column experiment (vol 63, pg 3039, 1999) [J]. Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta, 2000, 64(22): 3939-48.

3. 毕业设计（论文）进程安排

2017年12月22日前 查询资料确定自选题目 2018年1月12日前 完成外文翻译、文献综述和开题报告 2018年5月20日前 课题实验及结果的处理与分析等 2018年6月1日前 基本完成初稿的撰写 2018年6月3日前 认真思考返回意见，修改并完善 2018年6月5日前 完成终稿 2018年6月10日前 答辩