论文总字数：26777字

摘 要

根据《垃圾填埋场污染控制标准》（GB 16889-2008）中规定，垃圾填埋场产生的渗滤液由填埋场自行处理，并按标准排放。而野三关镇垃圾填埋场于2011年通过验收并投入使用，其产生的渗滤液收集进行预处理后直接进入污水处理厂净化，与标准不符。因此，渗滤液处理站有必要在野三关填埋场内被建设起来，保证垃圾渗沥液进行就地处理，以隔绝绝大部分污染物质，避免造成周边环境污染及污染物质运转途中的扩散；就地处理亦有利于降低渗沥液处理的运行费用及能耗，有助于节能减排。

本次设计的主体设计处理对象为野三关镇垃圾渗滤液处理站。设计包含以下内容：复核渗滤液水量、处理工艺比选、浓缩液处理设计以及工程投资分析。通过水量复核计算渗滤液每日产量65 m³/d，设计渗滤液进水水质pH 6-9，色度2000，COD_Cr≤10000 mg/L，BOD₅≤3000 mg/L，SS≤500 mg/L，TN≤3000 mg/L，TP=15 mg/L，粪大肠杆菌数≤2.4×10⁵个/L，设计出水水质达到《垃圾填埋场污染控制标准》（GB 16889-2008）规定限值内。

在本设计中，重点针对渗滤液水量复核、水量平衡进行计算，对野三关镇垃圾填埋场渗滤液水质特点进行分析，从而对渗滤液处理工艺设计方案进行比较和选择，确定了两级DTRO工艺和MBR 卷式纳滤 卷式反渗透的两套方案。经过进一步对这两套方案的特点、去除效果预测以及经济成本比较，最终选定了在此环境下表现更为优异的两级DTRO工艺，两级DTRO工艺回收率能达到75%。然后对工艺设计与浓缩液处理进行详细阐述与投资概算。

关键词：渗滤液处理；DTRO工艺；浓缩液处理

Abstract

According to the standards for pollution control of landfill sites (GB 16889-2008), the leachate produced by landfill sites is disposed of by the landfill site itself and discharged according to the standards. However, yesanguan town landfill site was accepted and put into use in 2011, and the leachate generated from it was collected for pretreatment and then directly entered the sewage treatment plant for purification, which was not in conformity with the standard. Therefore, it is necessary to build the leachate treatment station in the wild sanguan landfill site to ensure the on-site treatment of landfill leachate, so as to isolate most of the pollutants and avoid the pollution of the surrounding environment and the diffusion of the pollutants during operation. On-site treatment is also conducive to the reduction of operating costs and energy consumption of leachate treatment, contributing to energy conservation and emission reduction.

The main design object of this design is the waste leachate treatment station of ye sanguan town. The design includes the following contents: review leachate water volume, treatment process comparison and selection, concentration treatment design and engineering investment analysis. The daily output of leachate was calculated as 65 m³/d by water quantity review. The designed leachate inlet water quality was pH 6-9, chroma 2000, COD_Cr≤10000 mg/L,BOD₅≤3000 mg/L, SS≤500 mg/L, TN≤3000 mg/L, TP=15 mg/L, and the number of fecal e. coli ≤2.4×10⁵ /L. The designed effluent water quality was within the limits specified in the pollution control standard for landfill sites (GB 16889-2008).

In this design, the water quality characteristics of leachate in the waste landfill site of yesanguan town were analyzed, so as to compare and select the leachate treatment process design schemes, and two schemes of two-stage DTRO process and MBR roll-type nanofiltration roll-type reverse osmosis were determined. After further comparison of the characteristics, removal effect prediction and economic cost of the two schemes, the two-stage DTRO process with better performance in this environment was finally selected, and the recovery rate of the two-stage DTRO process could reach 75%. Then the process design and concentration treatment are elaborated and the investment estimate is estimated.

Key Words：Treatment of leachate; DTRO technology; Concentrate treatment

目 录

摘要 III

第1章 绪论 1

1.1 设计任务 1

1.2 编制原则和相关法律 1

1.2.1 编制原则 1

1.2.2 相关法律法规 1

1.2.3 相关标准及规范 2

1.3 项目背景及建设必要性 2

1.3.1 城镇概况 2

1.3.2 填埋场概况 2

1.3.3 项目建设必要性 3

第2章 工程规模及厂址 5

2.1 渗滤液水量复核 5

2.1.1 设计标准 5

2.1.2 渗滤液产量 5

2.2 工程建设规模 6

2.3 工程厂址 6

第3章 渗滤液处理工艺比选 7

3.1 渗滤液水质及处理工艺分析 7

3.1.1 垃圾填埋场渗滤液的水质特点 7

3.1.2 设计项目水质特点 7

3.1.3 渗沥液处理工艺简介及工艺路线分析 8

3.2 进、出水水质 15

3.2.1 设计进水水质 15

3.2.2 设计出水水质 16

3.3 渗沥液处理方案比较 17

3.3.1 两级DTRO工艺 17

3.3.2 MBR 卷式纳滤 卷式反渗透 20

3.3.3 工艺技术经济比较 22

3.4 工艺确定 24

第4章 工艺设计 26

4.1 工艺流程及水量平衡 26

4.1.1 工艺流程 26

4.1.2 水量平衡 26

4.2 工艺流程 28

4.2.1 预处理 28

4.2.2 两级DTRO 28

4.2.3 清水脱气 30

4.2.4 设备清洗 30

4.3 去除效果预测 31

第5章 浓缩液处理 32

5.1 浓缩液回灌的理论依据 32

5.2 浓缩液的回灌实际应用 32

5.3 可控浓缩液回灌方式 33

第6章 投资概算 34

6.1 建设项目总投资 34

6.2 投资概算分析 34

6.3 建设期利息 35

6.4 平均运行成本费用 36

第7章 结论 37

参考文献 38

附录 39

致谢 40

第1章 绪论

1.1 设计任务

本设计为巴东县野三关镇垃圾渗滤液应急处理工艺设计，设计地点位于野三关镇垃圾填埋场内，处理对象为垃圾渗滤液，设计包含以下内容：渗滤液水量复核、处理工艺比选、浓缩液处理设计以及工程投资分析。设计要求包含野三关镇垃圾渗滤液处理站设计说明书及相关图纸绘制。

1.2 编制原则和相关法律

1.2.1 编制原则

1、采用国家、地方及行业有关法规、规范和标准。

2、根据垃圾卫生填埋场总体布局及渗沥液处理的实际需要和要求，不仅保证出水达到规范要求，而且尽量降低成本，最大限度的减小投资费用和运行成本。

3、处理技术先进可靠，能满足填埋场不同处理时期渗沥液处理的需要，确保运行稳定可靠、出水满足排放要求。

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