论文总字数：20458字

摘 要

多环芳烃 (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAHs )是能在环境中长期滞留并且对人类健康和生态环境构成极大威胁的有机污染物。因此研究微生物对以芘作为PAHs代表的有机污染物的降解状况意义重大。

从污泥中分离出梭状芽孢杆菌，并对其进行以芘为外加碳源的富集驯化，将得到的菌株命名为Clostriium sp. Zhou-1。为了探究最适的降解条件，实验先是在0~80mg/L之间设置浓度梯度，比较降解效果后得到最适的芘浓度。之后在该浓度下进一步探究其他环境因素如温度、pH、接菌量对降解效果的影响。

实验发现了Clostriium sp. Zhou-1能取得最佳降解效果的温度、pH、接菌量、芘浓度范围，得出了菌株在最优条件下的芘降解率，同时研究了芘的降解规律。

关键词：微生物降解芘 驯化 培养条件 降解率

Abstract

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (this aromatic hydrocarbons, PAHs) is in the environment long-term retention and on human health and ecological environment constitute a grave threat organic pollutants. Therefore, the study of microorganisms to pyrene as a representative of PAHs organic pollutants degradation is significant.

We from the sludge in isolated Clostridium, and the by using pyrene as sole carbon source enrichment and acclimation, the strains will be named for Clostriium sp. Zhou-1. In order to explore the optimal degradation conditions, the first is setting the concentration gradient between 0 and 80mg/L, degradation effect after get the optimal concentration of pyrene influence after the concentration to further explore other environmental factors such as temperature, pH, amount of bacteria on degradation effect.

The experimental results show that sp. Zhou-1 Clostriium can achieve the best degradation effect of temperature, pH, the amount of the bacteria, the range of pyrene concentration, the strain under the optimal conditions of pyrene degradation rate, while the degradation of pyrene was studied.

Key words: microbial degradation of pyrene; domestication;culture conditions; degradation rate

目录

摘 要 II

Abstract III

第1章 文献综述 5

1.1 前言.....................................................................................................................................5

1.1.1 PAHs简介.................................................................................................................5

1.1.2 PAHs污染现状.........................................................................................................5

1.1.3 PAHs的危害.............................................................................................................6

1.2 多环芳烃的降解机理 6

1.2.1以多环芳烃作为唯一碳源与能源的代谢机理.......................................................6

1.2.2多环芳烃共代谢机理...............................................................................................7

1.3微生物降解多环芳烃的影响因素 7

1.3.1盐浓度.......................................................................................................................7

1.3.2 PAHs浓度.................................................................................................................8

1.3.3 pH..............................................................................................................................8

1.3.4温度...........................................................................................................................8

1.3.5共代谢底物...............................................................................................................9

1.4研究方案的确定 9

1.4.1主要研究内容 9

1.4.2拟采用的研究手段及路线 9

1.5 进行该项研究的原因及意义 11

第2章 材料与方法 12

2.1主要培养基与试剂仪器 12

2.1.1 培养基 12

2.1.2实验仪器与试剂 12

2.2菌种的筛选 14

2.3 Clostriium sp. Zhou-1最适培养条件的探究 15

2.3.1 最适接菌量研究 15

2.3.2 最适温度的研究 15

2.3.3 最适PH的研究 15

2.4 Clostriium sp. Zhou-1对不同初始浓度的芘降解能力的研究 15

2.5 测定方法 16

2.5.1 细菌培养液浓度的测定 16

2.5.2芘的测定 17

第3章 结果与分析

3.1 浓度对Clostriium sp. Zhou-1 降解芘的影响 19

3.2 温度对Clostriium sp. Zhou-1 降解芘的影响.................................................................20

3.3 pH对Clostriium sp. Zhou-1 降解芘的影响 22

3.4 接菌量对Clostriium sp. Zhou-1 降解芘的影响.............................................................24

第4章 结论与展望 27

参考文献..........................................................................................................................................28

致谢 31

第1章 文献综述

1.1 前言

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