论文总字数：32484字

摘 要

腐植酸在水体中含量过高时会引起各种各样的环境问题，严重危害人类健康，活性炭是一种环境友好型的吸附剂，活性炭吸附法是去除腐植酸的一种重要方法。

本文探讨的是利用磁场对活性炭进行改性，比较原样和改性的活性炭对腐植酸的去除效果。首先在不同磁感应强度和磁化时间下对活性炭进行改性，利用改性活性炭对腐植酸溶液进行吸附。结果表明：

1. 磁化过的活性炭的吸附效果要明显优于原样活性炭。原样活性炭吸附容量为1.9mg/g，去除率9%。磁化1.5h和强度为450mT的改性活性炭吸附效果最优，吸附容量为4.2mg/g，去除率达到16%，改性后比改性前的活性炭吸附容量增加了110.5%。
2. 同种改性活性炭进行热力学实验，得出ΔHgt;0、ΔGlt;0、ΔSgt;0，为吸热反应，且吸附作用力主要为化学键，自发进行。研究表明磁场会对化学反应有影响，磁化活性炭吸附腐植酸为化学吸附，受到磁场的影响。
3. 磁化后的活性炭表面官能团出现了C≡C的伸缩振动，使活性炭变为极性，更易吸附极性物质腐植酸。磁化时间越长，磁场强度越大，活性炭的吸附效果越好。

关键词：磁改性；活性炭；吸附；腐植酸

Activated carbon adsorption mechanism under the magnetic environment of humic acid research

Abstract

If Humic acid in the water content is too high, it will cause a variety of environmental problems, and does serious harm to human health. The activated carbon is a kind of environmentally friendly adsorbent. Activated carbon adsorption method is a important method to remove humic acid.

In this paper, the removal of humic acids by activated carbon modified by magnetic field is studied, and the removal effect of humic acid is compared with that of modified activated carbon.. The activated carbon was modified by different magnetic induction and magnetization time, and the adsorption of humic acid solution with modified activated carbon was used. The results show that the adsorption of magnetized activated carbon is obviously better than that of the activated carbon. The adsorption capacity of the activated carbon is 1.9mg/g, the removal rate is 9%. The adsorption of modified activated carbon with the magnetization 1.5h and the intensity of 450mT is the best, the adsorption capacity is 4.2mg/g, the removal rate is 16%. The same change of activated carbon thermodynamics experiment, draw the delta Hgt;0, the delta Glt;0, the delta Sgt;0, and the adsorption force is mainly chemical bond and spontaneously. The functional groups of activated carbon after magnetization changed, and activated carbon changed to polarity, and more easily adsorbed polar humic acid.. The research shows that the magnetic field can affect the chemical reaction, and the adsorption of the activated carbon is the chemical adsorption, and the magnetic field is affected by the magnetic field.. The longer the magnetization, the more the magnetic field intensity, the better the adsorption of activated carbon

Keywords: magnetic modification; activated carbon; adsorption; humic acid

目 录

摘要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 引言 1

1.2 活性炭的特性 1

1.2.1活性炭的结构 1

1.2.2 活性炭粒径大小对吸附效果的影响 2

1.2.3 活性炭的改性 2

1.3 腐植酸特性 2

1.3.1 腐植酸的类别 2

1.3.2 腐植酸的结构 2

1.3.3 腐植酸对人体健康的影响 3

1.3.4 腐植酸的去除方法 3

1.4 磁化机理 5

1.4.1 磁化材料 5

1.4.2 磁场作用下水的物化性质的改变 6

1.4.3 磁场作用下活性炭性质的改变 6

1.5 研究内容和意义 7

1.5.1 研究内容 7

1.5.2 研究意义 7

第二章 实验内容与方法 8

2.1 实验仪器和试剂 8

70x70x40mm 8

WT10A 8

2.2 实验内容 8

2.2.1 腐植酸溶液的配制 8

2.2.2 活性炭的磁化 9

2.2.3 静态等温吸附实验 9

2.2.4 吸附动力学实验 9

2.2.5实验分析方法 10

2.3 吸附理论 10

2.3.1 吸附容量的计算 10

2.3.2 去除率的计算 10

2.3.3 吸附等温线 11

2.3.4 吸附热力学 11

2.4 红外光谱理论 13

第三章 实验结果与分析 14

3.1 活性炭的磁化 14

3.2 静态吸附实验 14

3.2.1 静态等温吸附实验 14

3.2.2 改变实验温度进行吸附 30

3.2.3 磁场对溶液电导率的影响 32

3.3 吸附动力学实验 33

3.4 活性炭的红外光谱分析 34

3.5 本章小结 36

第四章 总结与展望 37

4.1 对未来工作的建议 37

4.2 展望 37

参考文献 38

附 录 40

1. 标准曲线的绘制 40

2. 红外光谱分析法 40

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