柠檬酸生产废水处理工艺设计(6000 m3d)毕业论文
2021-03-21 21:24:11
摘 要
本设计为某柠檬酸生产废水处理站的初步设计。柠檬酸废水COD一般在一万以上,属高质量浓度有机废水。其中污染物主要有:淀粉质、蛋白质、有机酸、酶、发酵残留物、葡萄糖、氨氮和脂肪等有机污染物[1]。该柠檬酸生产废水处理厂日处理量为6000m3/d。拟将初步处理后的废水排入二级污水处理厂深度处理达标后排放至附近水体。
本文通过分析柠檬酸生产废水的水质的特点,并根据高浓度有机废水的处理案例,提出了UASB 氧化沟的组合工艺流程。其具体工艺流程为:柠檬酸生产废水首先经过细格栅出去打的悬浮物后进入絮凝池,加药絮凝后通过初沉池除去絮凝产生的悬浮物,在经过UASB和氧化沟除去其中大部分COD、BOD,最终经过二沉池除去悬浮物后将处理后废水排入市政管网。经过该工艺的处理预计可将废水BOD从6780mg/L降至60mg/L以下、COD从11300mg/L降至100~200 mg/L、SS从5355 mg/L降到100mg/L以下,出水符合《柠檬酸工业水污染物排放标准》(GB 19430-2013)标准。
该处理工艺有许多优点,UASB厌氧处理对高浓度有机废水有很好的效果,而经过UASB处理后的中低浓度废水中污染物在好氧条件下能够得到很好的去除效果。该组合工艺结构简单紧凑、管理运行简便、处理性能可靠、投资少。为柠檬酸生产废水的无害化处理提供了一条可行之道[2]。
关键词: UASB;氧化沟;柠檬酸生产废水
Abstract
This design is a preliminary design of a citric acid production wastewater treatment station. Citric acid wastewater pollutants are mainly starch, protein, organic acids, enzymes, fermentation residues, glucose, ammonia and fat and other organic matter, COD in more than 10,000, is a high concentration of organic wastewater.
This citric acid wastewater treatment plant treatment of water is 6000m3 / d, did not consider the long-term development. It is planned to discharge the treated wastewater into the secondary sewage treatment plant and then discharge it to the nearly water .
In this paper, the water quality and water quality of citric acid wastewater were analyzed, and the combination process of UASB oxidation ditch was put forward according to the case of high concentration organic wastewater treatment. The specific process is: citric acid production wastewater first after the fine grille out to play the suspended solids into the flocculation tank, flocculation through the primary settling tank to remove the flocculation of suspended solids, after UASB and oxidation ditch to remove most of them COD, BOD, and finally through the secondary sedimentation tank to remove suspended solids.Through this process, the BOD from 6780mg / L to 60mg / L below,COD of wastewater can be reduced from 11300mg / L to 100 ~ 200mg / L, SS from 5355mg / L down to 100mg / L below the effluent meet the "citric acid Industrial Water Pollutant Discharge Standard "(GB 19430-2013) standard.
This technology of wastewater treatment has many advantages, UASB anaerobic treatment of high concentrations of organic wastewater has a good effect, and after UASB treatment of low concentrations of waste water in the aerobic conditions can be a good removal effect. The combination of simple and compact structure, easy management and operation, reliable processing, less investment. For the citric acid production of waste water treatment provides a feasible way.
Key words: UASB;oxidation ditch;citric acid production wastewater
目录
第1章 绪论 1
第2章 设计说明书 4
2.1 设计概况 4
2.1.1 水量、水质资料 4
2.1.2 建设规模 4
2.1.3 出水水质标准 4
2.2 污水处理站总体布置 4
2.2.1 厂区平面布置 4
2.2.2 管线设置 5
2.2.3 高程布置 5
第3章 设计计算书 6
3.1 格栅 6
3.1.1 设计参数选取 6
3.1.2 设计计算 6
3.2 絮凝池与沉淀池 8
3.2.1 设计参数选取 8
3.2.2 设计计算 9
3.3 UASB反应器 12
3.3.1 设计参数选取 12
3.3.2 设计计算 13
3.4 氧化沟 19
3.4.1 设计参数选取 19
3.4.2 设计计算 19
3.5 二沉池 21
3.5.1 设计参数选取 21
3.5.2 设计计算 21
3.6 其他构筑物 22
3.6.1 配水井 22
3.6.2 集泥井污泥浓缩池 22
3.6.3 污水及污泥构筑物高程计算 24
3.6.4 成本概预算 26
结语 29
参考文献 30
致谢 31
第1章 绪论
柠檬酸生产废水一般具有可生化性好,浓度高等特点,这是由柠檬酸生产工艺决定的。而我国的柠檬酸生产量是居于世界之首,如果不将柠檬酸生产废水无害化处理后排放将对环境造成很大的威胁。因此,柠檬酸废水的无害化处理势在必行。由于其特点,目前对于柠檬酸废水多采用厌氧-好养组合法进行处理[3]。通过对文献的调研及分析柠檬酸生产废水的水质特点,再根据各种处理方案的特点,研究工艺的可行性,最终确定处理方案及具体流程,并完成主要构筑物的图纸绘制工作。
柠檬酸生产废水的厌氧处理主要有以下两种常用的方法。