论文总字数：18414字

摘 要

我国目前大多采用注水开发油田的方式，增加了原油的含水率，也提高了原油在开发过程中分离出来的水量。多采用将此部分污水简单处理后再回注到油层，称为油田回注水，以补偿地层压力损失，既可以为油田带来极大利益，又可以保护环境。但油田回注水成分复杂，由于大浓度的微生物的作用导致其硬度和矿化度较高，容易结垢将管道和设备缝隙堵塞，直接影响了油田的开发利用。其中硫酸盐垢不能在酸中溶解，且在水中的溶度积极小，是现阶段最难处理的水垢之一。因此，本课题旨在通过单因素实验探究一种编号为SI-PH-NS的以聚环氧琥珀酸为主的新型钡锶阻垢剂在不同因素下的最佳阻垢性能。

结果表明：温度对阻垢性能的影响有限，50℃时阻垢效果较为理想；阻垢剂质量浓度在80mg/L时阻垢率最佳，不同质量浓度下阻垢效果都很好；阻垢时间对阻垢效果影响很小，可用于长时间作业；矿化度对阻垢效果有影响，整体阻垢率较高；不同水质对阻垢效果有影响且影响较大；该阻垢剂对溶液中的钢片具有一定的缓蚀作用。

关键词：油田回注水 阻垢剂 硫酸钡垢 阻垢性能

Performance Evaluation of Barium Sulfate Scale

Inhibitor for Oilfield Reinjection Water

Abstract

At present, most of China adopts the method of water injection to develop oil fields, which increases the water content of crude oil and also increases the amount of water separated by crude oil during the development process. This part of the sewage is simply treated and then reinjected into the oil layer, called oilfield refilling water, to compensate for the formation pressure loss, which can bring great benefits to the oilfield and protect the environment. However, the re-injection water component of the oilfield is complex. Due to the high concentration of microorganisms, the hardness and salinity are high. It is easy to scale and block the gap between pipelines and equipment, which directly affects the development and utilization of oilfields.Among them, the sulfate scale cannot be dissolved in the acid, and the solubility in water is positively small, which is one of the most difficult scales to be treated at this stage. Therefore, this subject aims to explore the optimal scale inhibition performance of a new type of antimony scale inhibitor under different factors through single factor experiments.

The results show that the effect of temperature on scale inhibition performance is limited, and the scale inhibition effect is ideal at 50 ℃. When the mass concentration of scale inhibitor is 80 mg / L, the scale inhibition rate is the best, and the scale inhibition effect is good under different mass concentrations; The scale inhibition time has little effect on the scale inhibition effect and can be used for long-term operation; the degree of mineralization has an effect on the scale inhibition effect, and the overall scale inhibition rate is high; different water quality has an effect on the scale inhibition effect, and the influence is large; the scale inhibitor is The steel sheet in the solution has a certain corrosion inhibition effect.

Key Words: oilfield reinjection water;scale inhibitor;barium sulfate scale;scale inhibition performance

目 录

摘要 Ⅰ

ABSTRACT Ⅱ

第一章 文献综述 1

1.1 油田回注水简介 1

1.2 结垢机理及阻垢机理 1

1.3 硫酸钡阻垢剂及其研究进展 2

1.3.1阻垢剂的合成 2

1.3.2新型阻垢剂 2

1.3.3复配阻垢剂 3

1.3.4其他阻垢剂 3

1.4 论文研究内容 4

1.5 论文研究目的和意义 4

第二章 实验内容 5

2.1 实验材料和仪器设备 5

2.1.1 实验材料 5

2.1.2 仪器设备 5

2.2 溶液的配制 6

2.3 实验内容 7

2.4 实验方法与步骤 7

2.4.1以反应温度为因素 8

2.4.2以阻垢剂质量浓度为因素 8

2.4.3以阻垢时间为因素 9

2.4.4以矿化度为因素 10

2.4.5娃哈哈饮用水、纯水和自来水稀释阻垢剂的对比实验 10

2.4.6旋转挂片腐蚀实验 11

第三章 实验结果与讨论分析 13

3.1反应温度对阻垢性能的影响 13

3.2 阻垢剂质量浓度对阻垢性能的影响 14

3.3 阻垢时间对阻垢性能的影响 15

3.4 矿化度对阻垢性能的影响 15

3.5 娃哈哈饮用水、纯水和自来水稀释阻垢剂对阻垢性能的影响 16

3.6 阻垢剂对钢片的腐蚀速率 17

第四章 结论与展望 19

4.1总结 19

4.2 展望 20

参考文献 21

致谢 23

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