含硼聚硅酸锌絮凝剂的合成及其对模拟甲基橙废水的絮凝性能研究毕业论文
2022-01-30 19:46:32
论文总字数:17663字
摘 要
随着我国染料工业的迅猛发展,印染废水的排放量日趋增大,印染废水中的附有显色基团和极性基团的芳烃和杂环化合物对水资源造成了严重污染,同时越来越危害人类健康。印染废水中有机污染物复杂,不仅含有纤维夹带物,而且含有浆料、助剂等,这导致废水中碱度大,色度高,十分难处理。纺织印染行业中常用的偶氮染料中就有甲基橙,其具备一定的典型性。因此,迫切需要高效处理甲基橙废水的方法。
本论文首先探讨合成含硼聚硅酸锌絮凝剂的最佳方案,然后通过研究处理甲基橙模拟废水得出最佳处理工艺条件。经研究35℃下采用浓度为0.15mol/L的硅酸钠溶液合成聚硅酸,合成含硼聚硅酸锌的最优工艺为反应pH=2.1时,聚合反应1小时;n(Zn)/n(Si)=2;n(B)/n(Si)=0.2。通过絮凝实验可知在废水ph约为10,PSZB投加量为50mL/L,搅拌反应10min时,甲基橙去除率可达88.87%。
关键词:印染废水 聚硅酸盐 絮凝 甲基橙
The development of Environment for NC Simulation system based on the solid modelling
Abstract
With the rapid development of dyestuff industry in china, an increasing amount of printing and dyeing wastewater has been discharged. Some water resources are badly polluted and human health are damaged by the aromatics and heterocyclic compounds with chromogenic groups and polar groups in printing and dyeing wastewater. The high alkalinity, high chroma and the difficulty in treating of dyeing wastewater are caused by the complex composition of organic pollutant in it which contains fiber entrainment, slurry, assistant, etc. Methyl orange is a typical printing and dyeing wastewater which is widely used in the azo dyes in the textile printing and dyeing industry. Therefore, an efficient method for treating methyl orange is in urgent need.
The optimal scheme for synthesizing boron-containing PSZB was discussed at the beginning of the thesis, and then the optimal processing conditions were concluded by the research on treatment of simulated wastewater of methyl orange. According to the study, polysilicic-acid should be synthesized at 35℃ using a sodium silicate solution with concentration of 0.15 mol/L. The optimum process for synthesizing PSFZBA should be under the conditions when the reaction pH was 2.1 and the time of polymerization reaction was one hour; n(Zn)/ n(Si)=2; n(B)/n(Si)=0.2. Through flocculation experiments, the removal rate of methyl orange could reach 88.87% when the pH of the wastewater was about 10, the dosage of PSZB was 50 mL/L, and the time of stirring reaction was 10 minutes.
Key Words: Dyeing Wastewater;Polysilicates;Flocculation;Methyl orange
目录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第一章 综述 1
1.1 引言 1
1.2 化学法 1
1.2.1氧化法 1
1.2.2微电解法 1
1.2.3电化学法 2
1.3 生物法 2
1.3.1厌氧法 2
1.3.2好氧法 3
1.3.3厌氧-好氧组合法 3
1.4 物理化学法 3
1.4.1吸附法 3
1.4.2混凝法 4
5.1 本文研究的内容和目的 7
二、实验部分 8
2.1实验仪器与试剂 8
2.2实验方法 8
2.2.1 PSZB的合成 8
2.2.2 絮凝效果实验 9
2.2.3 模拟废水的配制 9
2.3 甲基橙含量的测定方法 9
2.3.1 标准溶液的配制 9
2.3.2 标准曲线的绘制 9
2.3.3 计算 10
2.4 正交试验设计 11
2.5 含硼聚硅酸锌絮凝剂处理甲基橙模拟废水的研究 11
2.5.1 废水pH对絮凝效果的影响 11
2.5.2 絮凝剂投加量对絮凝效果的影响 11
2.5.3 搅拌时间对絮凝效果的影响 12
三、结果与讨论 13
3.1 含硼聚硅酸锌絮凝剂的合成研究 13
3.2 含硼聚硅酸锌絮凝剂处理模拟甲基橙废水的研究 16
3.2.1 pH对甲基橙去除率的影响 16
3.2.2 絮凝剂投加量对甲基橙去除率的影响 17
3.2.3 搅拌时间对甲基橙去除的影响 18
四 结论与展望 20
参考文献 21
致谢 24
第一章 综述
1.1 引言
印染废水是印染行业在处理纺织产物时排出的污水。印染行业具有用水量大、排污量大等特点,用水量中只有10%~20%是有效利用,排污量占总工业废水35%[1]。
印染废水成分复杂多变,不仅包含纺织品本身的细小物质,还包含印染过程中的化学助剂、油类物质、染料等,这导致印染废水碱度高、色度大、污染物复杂且含量多的特征。因此综合处理印染废水已变成一个迫切需要解决的问题[2]。目前印染废水治理方法主要有化学法、生物法、物理化学法三种[3],考虑到实际生产过程中的印染废水包含有复杂多变的污染物,并不能够依靠单一的方法处理,而是通常采用多种方法搭配组合进行处理。
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