论文总字数：21379字

摘 要

目前我国油田大部分都采用注水开发方式，由此产生的油田污水成分复杂，矿化度高，这样的污水回注后会严重腐蚀金属管道和设备，造成严重的安全隐患，并给国家带来巨大的经济损失。由于输油管道和设备的结构复杂，添加缓蚀剂是减缓钢铁腐蚀的有效的手段。因此，油田污水中缓蚀剂的研究是一个亟需解决的问题。本文主要对新疆油田污水中的低浓度缓蚀剂进行筛选和研究。

本文研究Q235钢在模拟新疆油田污水中的缓蚀剂，通过失重法来筛选缓蚀剂，并通过电化学实验来研究缓蚀剂的缓蚀机理。研究结果表明：单组份缓蚀剂筛选中咪唑啉型缓蚀剂ODD的缓蚀效果最好，腐蚀速率为0.0465mm/a；双组份缓蚀剂筛选出最佳缓蚀剂为ODD与ATMP，浓度分别为15mg/L、15mg/L时缓蚀效果最好，腐蚀速率为0.0401mm/a；三组分缓蚀剂复配中ODD、ATMP与JH-920的复配效果最好，浓度分别为15mg/L、15mg/L与5mgL，其腐蚀速率为0.0390mm/a。极化曲线分析得出：加入缓蚀剂后溶液的自腐蚀电位相对于空白溶液正移，自腐蚀电流密度较小，极化电阻较大，其中三组分缓蚀剂复配的自腐蚀电流密度最小，极化电阻最大，缓蚀效果最好；交流阻抗谱表明，加入缓蚀剂后的交流阻抗谱的容抗弧半径均比空白溶液的大，说明缓蚀剂的加入有效地抑制了金属腐蚀。

关键词：油田污水 失重法 腐蚀 电化学实验 缓蚀剂

ABSTRACT

At present, China's oil fields are mostly using waterflooding mode, the resulting oilfield wastewater is complex and high salinity, such sewage rejection can cause serious corrosion of metal pipelines and equipment, they also cause serious security risks, and bring huge economic losses to the country. Due to the complexity of the pipeline and equipment, adding corrosion inhibitor is the effective means to slow down the corrosion of steels. Therefore, the study of inhibitor in oilfield sewage is an urgent problem. This article focus on the screening and research on low concentration of corrosion inhibitor in xinjiang oilfield wastewater.

In this paper, we study the corrosion inhibitor of the Q235 steel in xinjiang oilfield sewage, screening corrosion inhibitor by static weight loss method, and study the corrosion mechanism of corrosion inhibitors through electrochemical experiments. The results showed that ODD is the best of one-component corrosion inhibitor whose corrosion rate is 0.0465mm/a; ATMP and ODD are the best of two-component corrosion inhibitors whose best corrosion rate is 0.0401mm/a when concentrations are 15mg/L and 15mg/L; ODD, ATMP and JH-920 are the best of three-component corrosion inhibitors whose best corrosion rate is 0.0390mm/a when concentrations are 15mg/L, 15mg/L and 5mg/L. Analysis of polarization curves obtained that after adding corrosion inhibitors, corrosion potential shifted positively relative to a blank solution, the corrosion current density is small, and the polarization resistance is large, in which the corrosion current density of the three-component corrosion inhibitor compound is minimal, polarization resistance is the biggest, and the corrosion efficiency is the best; AC impedance spectroscopy showed that the capacitive arc radius of the solution with the corrosion inhibitor is larger than the blank solution, which indicate that the addition of corrosion inhibitor effectively suppress the metal corrosion.

KEYWORDS : Oilfield Sewage; Weight loss; corrosion; Electrochemical experiments; corrosion inhibitor

目录

摘要 I

Abstract II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 新疆地区油田污水腐蚀概况 1

1.2 缓蚀剂 1

1.2.1 缓蚀剂的分类 2

1.2.2 缓蚀剂的缓蚀机理 3

1.2.3 油田缓蚀剂的发展 4

1.3 缓蚀剂性能的评价方法 6

1.3.1 失重法 6

1.3.2 电化学方法 7

第二章 实验内容及方法 9

2.1 引言 9

2.2 实验材料及仪器 9

2.3 实验内容及方法 10

2.3.1 实验模拟溶液的配制 10

2.3.2 实验内容 10

2.3.3 实验方法 10

第三章 新疆地区油田污水缓蚀剂的筛选 14

3.1 引言 14

3.2 缓蚀剂的筛选 14

3.2.1 单组份缓蚀剂的筛选 14

3.2.2 ODD缓蚀剂最佳浓度的确定 15

3.2.3 双组份复配实验 16

3.2.4 三组分复配缓蚀剂的筛选 19

3.2.5 腐蚀时间对缓蚀剂的缓蚀效率的影响 23

3.3 缓蚀剂缓蚀机理的研究 23

第四章 结论与展望 26

4.1 结论 26

4.2 展望 26

参考文献 27

第一章 绪论

1.1 新疆地区油田污水腐蚀概况

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