论文总字数：20644字

摘 要

本文以钌铱电极做阳极，碳纤维做阴极，硫酸钠溶液做电解质，构建了简易的电化学反应装置，进行了阴极原位产生过氧化氢的研究。实验中采用钛盐—紫外分光光度法测定过氧化氢的浓度。选择了黏胶基碳纤维、聚丙烯腈基碳纤维和聚丙烯腈基石墨毡三种不同材料作为阴极，考察了阴极材料种类对过氧化氢产生量的影响。优选过氧化氢产生性能较好的黏胶基碳纤维和聚丙烯腈基碳纤维料进行下一步的单因素实验，分别考察初始pH、曝气量、电流密度和电解质浓度等对过氧化氢生成量的影响。通过计算各个实验条件下的电流效率和能耗，综合比较过氧化氢生成量与能耗两个因素确定最佳实验条件。

研究结果表明，阴极材料对过氧化氢产生量有显著的影响，特别是聚丙烯腈基碳纤维做阴极时，其过氧化氢生成量明显高于同等条件下的黏胶基碳纤维和聚丙烯腈基石墨毡。综合过氧化氢产生量和能耗两个因素，确立黏胶基碳纤维或聚丙烯腈基碳纤维做电化学阴极时的优化工艺条件是：初始pH为3,、曝气量为400ml/min、电流密度为0.5mA/cm²、电解质浓度为0.5mol/L。在该条件下，黏胶基碳纤维做阴极时过氧化氢产生量达到26mg/L，聚丙烯腈基碳纤维做阴极时过氧化氢产生量比黏胶基碳纤维的高出12mg/L，达到38mg/L。

关键词：碳纤维 过氧化氢 阴极还原

Study on hydrogen peroxide produced by electrochemical reduction of carbon fiber cathode

Abstract

In this paper, ruthenium iridium electrode is used as anode, carbon fiber as cathode and sodium sulfate solution as electrolyte, and a simple electrochemical reactor is constructed. The concentration of hydrogen peroxide was determined by the method of titanium salt and ultraviolet spectrophotometry in the experiment. Three different mater, the rayon based carbon fiber, polyacrylonitrile(PAN) based carbon fiber and PAN base graphite felt are chose as cathode materials to study the effect of cathode material on hydrogen peroxide production. Because Of better hydrogen peroxide production performance, rayon based carbon fiber and PAN based carbon fiber material was tested in next single factor experiments, that examine the effect of initial pH, aeration, current density and electrolyte concentration on hydrogen peroxide production. The current efficiency and energy consumption in each experimental condition are calculated, the optimal experimental conditions are determined after considering two factors of hydrogen peroxide production and energy consumption.

The results show that the cathode materials of hydrogen peroxide produced significant impact, especially polyacrylonitrile based carbon fiber as the cathode, the hydrogen peroxide production was significant higher than rayon based carbon fiber and PAN based graphite under the same conditions. Considering two factors of hydrogen peroxide production and energy consumption, the optimum process conditions of both rayon based carbon fiber and PAN based carbon fiber cathode are as follow: initial pH is 3, current density 0.5mA/cm²,and electrolyte concentration 0.5mol/l. Under this condition, the rayon based carbon fiber as the cathode can produce hydrogen peroxide of 26mg/L, PAN based carbon fiber can produce hydrogen peroxide of 38mg/L with 12mg/L higher than the former.

Key words: carbon fiber, hydrogen peroxide, cathodic reduction

目录

第一章 绪论 1

1.1引言 1

1.2电化学原理 1

1.3电极材料 1

1.3.1阴极材料 1

1.3.2阳极材料 2

1.4电化学工艺参数 3

1.4.1电流密度 3

1.4.2初始pH值 3

1.4.3电解质的浓度 3

1.4.4溶解氧的浓度 3

1.4.5极板间距. 4

1.5过氧化氢含量的检测方法 4

1.5.1高锰酸钾法 4

1.5.2碘量法 4

1.5.3铈量法 4

1.5.4钛盐光度法 4

1.5.5方法比较 4

1.6本文研究意义和研究内容 5

1.6.1研究意义 5

1.6.2研究内容 5

第二章 实验部分 6

2.1主要试剂与仪器 6

2.1.1试剂 6

2.1.2仪器 6

2.1.3装置 7

2.2实验步骤 7

2.2.1标准曲线的绘制 7

2.2.2阴极材料对比实验 7

2.2.3单因素实验 8

2.3分析方法 8

2.4能耗和电流效率的计算 9

第三章 实验结果与分析讨论 10

3.1实验现象 10

3.2实验结果分析 10

3.2.1阴极材料对比实验 10

3.2.2初始pH对过氧化氢的生成产生影响 11

3.2.3曝气量对过氧化氢的生成产生影响 12

3.2.4电流密度对过氧化氢的生成产生影响 13

3.2.5电解质溶液浓度对过氧化氢的生成产生影响 15

3.3电流效率分析 16

3.3.1黏胶基碳纤维做阴极时的电流效率 16

3.3.2聚丙烯腈基碳纤维做阴极时的电流效率 18

3.4能耗分析 19

3.4.1黏胶基碳纤维做阴极时的能耗分析 19

3.4.2聚丙烯腈基碳纤维做阴极时的能耗分析 22

第四章 总结与展望 25

4.1总结 25

4.2展望 25

参考文献 27

附录1 29

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