论文总字数：16011字

摘 要

新疆油田的采出液是一种高浓度的溶液，会对金属设备造成严重腐蚀。为了减轻采出液系统金属设备的腐蚀程度，在采出液系统中选取合适的缓蚀剂是极其重要的。

本研究用失重法对Q235钢在新疆油田的采出液模拟溶液中先对单品种缓蚀剂磷酸、HPAA、三聚磷酸钠、HEDP、PESA、ODD、硫脲、JH-920、1227、HPMA、PAPE、ATMP、JF-8、PBTCA等进行了筛选；在筛选出的单品种缓蚀剂的基础上对两个品种复合的缓蚀剂进行筛选；利用动电位扫描极化曲线法和交流阻抗法研究了缓蚀剂的缓蚀机理。研究结果表明：单组份中以ODD缓蚀效果最好，磷酸、1227、ATMP有一定的缓蚀作用；二组份中磷酸 ODD效果最好，缓蚀率达到了81.62%，磷酸 1227和磷酸 三聚磷酸钠缓蚀效果稍差；三组分中磷酸 ODD 1227缓蚀剂效果最好，缓蚀率可达86.50%。动电位扫描极化曲线法研究结果表明缓蚀剂对电极反应的阴极过程有较好的抑制作用，缓蚀剂属于阴极型缓蚀剂；交流阻抗法研究表明单独的磷酸和ODD在采出液模拟溶液中均有缓蚀作用，但缓蚀效果并不十分理想；当磷酸和ODD复配后，缓蚀效果得到较大的提升。

关键词：缓蚀剂、缓蚀率、油田采出液、Q235钢

Abstract

Xinjiang oil-well produced water,one of high-concentration solution，can cause serious corrosion on metal structure.Therefore,it’s significant to choose an appropriate corrosion inhibitor to avoid corrosion on extract device during exploiting.

Rotary coupon test method is used to screen phosphate,sodium phosphate, HPAA,HEDP,PESA,ODD,thiourea,JH-920,1227,HPMA,PAPE,ATMP,JF-8,PBTCA in imitated Xinjiang oil-well produced water. Two component corrosion inhibitor is screened on the basic of one component corrosion inhibitor which is chosen Rotary coupon test.And three component corrosion inhibitor is screened by one component corrosion inhibitor which is chosen Rotary coupon test.Moving potential scanning polarization curve method and alternating impedance method is used to study the mechanism of corrosion inhibitor.The result manifests that ODD is the most effective,while phosphate,1227 and ATMP have some effect.In two component corrosion inhibitor, phosphate combined with ODD is the most effective whose inhibition rate is 81.62%,phosphate combined with ODD and phosphate combined with 1227 have some effect on the metal.In three component corrosion inhibitor,phosphate combined with 1227 and ODD is the most effective whose inhibition rate is 86.50%.Moving potential scanning polarization curve method manifests that the corrosion inhibitor has influence on the cathode process,therefore it’s a cathodic corrosion inhibitor.Alternating impedance method manifests that phosphate,as well as ODD,is effective when being used alone,though the effect is not obvious.And when the two corrosion inhibitors being used together,the metal can be protected well.

Key word:corrosion inhibitor；inhibition efficiency；oil-well produced water；Q235 steel

目 录

摘 要 I

Abstract II

目 录 1

第一章 绪论 3

1.1引言 3

1.2金属的腐蚀机理 4

1.2.1均匀腐蚀 4

1.2.2局部服饰 5

1.3缓蚀剂的分类与机理 7

1.4常用的缓蚀剂 8

1.4.1铬酸盐 8

1.4.2 亚硝酸盐 8

1.4.3 锌盐 8

1.4.4磷酸盐 8

1.4.5 聚磷酸盐 8

1.5缓蚀剂的筛选 9

1.5.1失重法 9

1.5.2电化学法 9

1.5.3缓蚀剂的复配 9

1.6本课题的研究目的与意义 10

第二章 实验部分 11

2.1 引言 11

2.2 实验仪器与试剂 11

2.2.1实验仪器 11

2.2.2实验试剂 12

2.3 实验方法 12

2.3.1试片预处理 12

2.3.2模拟新疆油田采出液的配制 13

2.3.3失重法筛选缓蚀剂 13

2.3.4缓蚀剂的缓蚀机理研究 14

第三章 实验结果 16

3.1 引言 16

3.2 单种缓蚀剂筛选 16

3.3二组分复配缓蚀剂筛选 17

3.4三组分复配缓蚀剂筛选 18

3.5缓蚀机理的研究 18

3.5.1极化曲线法研究缓蚀剂机理 18

3.5.2交流阻抗法研究缓蚀剂机理 19

第四章 实验结论 21

参考文献 22

致谢 24

第一章 绪论

1.1引言

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