摘 要

Abstract V

第一章 前言 7

1.1六价铬污染水体概况 7

1.2处理含铬废水的常见方法 7

1.2.1吸附法 7

1.2.2化学沉淀法 8

1.2.3离子交换法 8

1.3铁碳微电解法处理六价铬污染水的研究现状 8

1.3.1铁碳微电解法处理实验六价铬废水 8

1.3.2活性炭/纳米零价复合材料 9

1.3.3 铁碳微电解法配合生物联合法处理电镀废水 9

1.4本论文的研究目的 10

第二章 实验材料与方法 11

2.1试剂和仪器 11

2.2实验方法 12

2.2.1试剂 12

2.2.2六价铬的测定 12

2.2.3铁碳混合物总质量的影响实验 13

2.2.4铁碳接触废水后反应发生总时间的影响实验 13

2.2.5反应发生的环境温度的影响实验 13

2.2.6反应发生的pH环境的影响实验 14

2.2.7初始Cr⁶ 浓度的影响实验 14

2.2.8正交试验 15

2.3分析及计算 16

2.3.1标准曲线的绘制 16

2.3.2分析计算去除率 17

第三章 结果与讨论 18

3.1铁碳加入的质量对六价铬去除效果的影响 18

3.2反应时间对六价铬去除效果的影响 19

3.3反应温度对六价铬去除效果的影响 20

3.4 pH对六价铬去除效果的影响 21

3.5初始浓度对六价铬去除效果的影响 23

3.6正交实验 24

第四章 结论与展望 26

4.1结论 26

4.2展望 26

参考文献 27

致谢 29

铁碳微电解处理含铬废水的初步研究

摘要

含铬废水是作为工业废水中重要的一种，安全有效的处理技术一直是研究的重要课题之一。铁碳微电解因其工艺可靠，成本低廉、操作方便简易的特点，在含铬废水处理中应用广泛。本课题以模拟含铬废水为实验对象，研究了铁碳投加总质量、反应时间、反应温度、反应环境pH和反应初始浓度这5个因素对实验效果的影响，进行了5个单因素实验，分析确定了铁碳法处理六价铬的最佳条件，并对影响较大的三个因素进行了正交试验。实验结果表明：

（1）投加铁碳总质量越多，效果越好：当铁碳投加质量为4g/100ml时，去除率超过97%；反应时间越长，处理效果越好：反应时间从5min上升到40min，去除率从44.71%上升至88.55%；温度对实验效果的影响不大，但是随着温度的升高，处理效果有缓慢增长：反应温度从25℃上升至45℃，去除率从78.66%上升至90.60%；当pH在7以下时，处理效果较好，去除率在80%左右，当pH升高时，效果随之减弱pH为11时，去除率跌至41.43%；初始浓度越低，处理效果越好：初始浓度由1mg/L上升至10mg/L后，去除率由83.59%下降至59.55%。

（2）三因素正交实验则表明最佳实验条件为：投加铁碳总质量为4.00g、反应时间控制为40min，反应温度控制为30℃。

关键词：铁碳微电解 含铬废水 六价铬 正交实验

Preliminary study on the treatment of chromium containing wastewater by iron carbon micro electrolysis

Abstract

Chromium containing wastewater is an important part of industrial waste water. Its safe and effective treatment technology has always been one of the important subjects of research. Iron carbon micro electrolysis is widely used in the treatment of chromium containing wastewater because of its reliable process, low cost, less investment and easy operation. In this study, the effects of 5 factors, including total mass, reaction time, reaction temperature, reaction temperature, reaction environment pH and initial concentration of reaction on the effect of chromium containing wastewater, were studied. 5 single factor experiments were carried out. The optimum conditions for the treatment of six valence chromium by iron carbon method were determined, and three of the factors were affected. The orthogonal test was carried out by the factors. The experimental results show that：

（1）the more the total mass of iron and carbon is added, the better the effect is: when the mass of iron carbon is 4g/100ml, the removal rate is more than 97%, the longer the reaction time is, the better the treatment effect is: the reaction time rises from 5min to 40min, the removal rate rises from 44.71% to 88.55%, and the temperature has little effect on the experimental effect, but with the temperature The treatment effect has a slow increase: the reaction temperature rises from 25 to 45, and the removal rate rises from 78.66% to 90.60%. When pH is below 7, the treatment effect is better and the removal rate is about 80%. When the pH rises, the effect decreases to 11 and the removal rate falls to 41.43%; the lower the initial concentration, the better the treatment effect is: initial treatment effect the better: the better initial treatment: initial treatment effect is better: initial treatment effect is better: initial treatment effect is better: initial treatment effect is better: initial treatment effect is better: initial treatment effect is better: initial treatment effect is better: initial treatment effect is better: initial treatment effect is better: initial treatment effect is better: the better initial effect: initial treatment effect is better: the initial effect is better: the better initial treatment effect: initial When the concentration increased from 1mg/L to 10mg/L, the removal rate decreased from 83.59% to 59.55%.

（2）The orthogonal experiment of three factors showed that the best experimental conditions were as follows: the total iron and carbon mass was 4.00g, the reaction time was 40min, and the reaction temperature was controlled at 30 C.