1. 毕业设计（论文）的内容和要求

1. 学会采用各种文献检索手段对特定课题进行检索的方法，培养阅读中外文献资料的能力。

2. 培养综合运用所学专业知识分析、解决实际问题的能力。

3．培养独立开展实验研究、独立思考和分析问题与现象,并解决问题,完成课题的工作能力。

2. 参考文献

[1] Jianping Lai and Shaojun Guo. Design of Ultrathin Pt-Based Multimetallic Nanostructures for Efficient Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysis [J]. Small, 2017, 13(48):1702156. [2] Gao Chen, Wei Zhou, Daqin Guan, Jaka Sunarso, Yanping Zhu, Xuefeng Hu, Wei Zhang, Zongping Shao. Two orders of magnitude enhancement in oxygen evolution reactivity on amorphous Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3#8722;δ nanofilms with tunable oxidation state [J]. Science Advances, 2017, 3(6):e1603206. [3] You Xu and Bin Zhang. Recent Advances in Porous Pt-Based Nanostructures: Synthesis and Electrochemical Applications [J]. Chem. Soc. Rev., 2014, 43(8):2439-50. [4] Jintao Zhang and Chang Ming Li. Nanoporous metals: fabrication strategies and advanced electrochemical applications in catalysis, sensing and energy systems [J]. Chem. Soc. Rev., 2012, 41, 7016#8211;7031. [5] Yagya N. Regmi, Gregory R. Waetzig, Kyle D. Duffee, Samantha M. Schmuecker, James M. Thode and Brian M. Leonard. Carbides of group IVA, VA and VIA transition metals as alternative HER and ORR catalysts and support materials [J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 2015, 3(18):10085-10091. [6] Daniel V. Esposito, Sean T. Hunt, Yannick C. Kimmel and Jingguang G. Chen. A New Class of Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Production from Water Electrolysis: Metal Monolayers Supported on Low-Cost Transition Metal Carbides [J]. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2012, 43(23):3025-3033. [7] Ram Subbaraman, Dusan Tripkovic, Kee-Chul Chang, Dusan Strmcnik, Arvydas P. Paulikas, Pussana Hirunsit, Maria Chan, Jeff Greeley, Vojislav Stamenkovic and Nenad M. Markovic. Trends in activity for the water electrolyser reactions on 3d M(Ni,Co,Fe,Mn) hydr(oxy)oxide catalysts [J]. Nature Materials, 2012, 11(6):550. [8] Daouda Fofana, Sadesh Kumar Natarajan, Pierre B#233;nard, and Jean Hamelin. High Performance PEM Fuel Cell with Low Platinum Loading at the Cathode Using Magnetron Sputter Deposition [J]. Isrn Electrochemistry, 2014, 2013(12). [9] Yong Li, Jiao Wang, Xike Tian, Longlong Ma, Chu Dai, Chao Yang and Zhaoxin Zhou. Carbon Doped Molybdenum Disulfide Nanosheets Stabilized on Graphene for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction with High Electrocatalytic Ability [J]. Nanoscale, 2015, 8(3):1676. [10] Ratna Balgis, W. Widiyastuti, Takashi Ogi, and Kikuo Okuyama. Enhanced electrocatalytic activity of Pt/3D hierarchical bimodal macroporous carbon nanospheres [J]. Acs Applied Materials Interfaces, 2017, 9(28). [11] 李芬, 朱颖, 李刘合, 卢求元, 朱剑豪. 磁控溅射技术及其发展 [J]. 真空电子技术, 2011(3):49-54. [12] Yinlong Zhu, Wei Zhou, Jaka Sunarso, Yijun Zhong, and Zongping Shao. Phosphorus-Doped Perovskite Oxide as Highly Efficient Water Oxidation Electrocatalyst in Alkaline Solution [J]. Advanced Functional Materials, 2016, 26(32):5862-5872. [13] Hiroshi Ito, Yun Heo, Masayoshi Ishida, Akihiro Nakano, Satoshi Someya, Tetsuo Munakata. Application of a self-supporting microporous layer to gas diffusion layers of proton exchange membrane fuel cells [J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2017, 342. [14] Sheng Sui, Xiaoying Wang, Xintong Zhou, Yuehong Su,c Saffa Riffatc and Chang-jun Liu. A comprehensive review of Pt electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction: nanostructure, activity, mechanism and carbon support in PEM fuel cells [J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 2016, 5(5). [15] 张敏, 潘牧. PEM燃料电池Pt基氧还原催化剂新进展 [J]. 电池工业, 2011, 16(5):311-316. [16] Nancy N. Kariuki, Mehmet F. Cansizoglu, Mahbuba Begum, Mesut Yurukcu, Fatma M. Yurtsever, Tansel Karabacak, and Deborah J. Myers. SAD#8211;GLAD Pt#8211;Ni@Ni Nanorods as Highly Active Oxygen Reduction Reaction Electrocatalysts [J]. ACS Catalysis, 2016, 6(6). [17] 毕研明. 磁控溅射生长银纳米颗粒膜及在制备黑硅材料中的应用[D]. 苏州大学, 2012. [18] [19] Jie Yu, Yijun Zhong, Wei Zhou, Zongping Shao. Facile synthesis of nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes encapsulating nickel cobalt alloys 3D networks for oxygen evolution reaction in an alkaline solution [J]. Journal of Power Sources, 2017, 338(15): 26-33. [20] Xiumin Li, Xiaogang Hao, Abuliti Abudulaa and Guoqing Guan. Nanostructured catalysts for electrochemical water splitting: Current state and prospects[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 2016, 4(31).

3. 毕业设计（论文）进程安排

1．1-4周：阅读相关文献，了解专业背景，完成翻译。

2．5-8周：熟悉实验室的仪器设备，掌握基本的制备过程#8212;#8212;催化剂的合成、电极的制备。

3．9-12周：采用xrd、sem、bet、tem等对粉体进行表征，测试催化剂的各种基本性质。