摘 要

关键词：聚苯乙烯，悬浮聚合，工艺设计，衡算。

Abstract:A coarse-grained polystyrene is a polystyrene obtained by low-temperature suspension polymerization of refined styrene (st).Polystyrene for PS resin, it has good transparency, rigidity and processing performance, in the domestic demand is great.The design is an annual output of 13,000 tons of coarse - grained polystyrene workshop process,Polystyrene is produced by low-temperature suspension polymerization of styrene monomer with soft water as dispersion medium.The soft water, dispersant, initiator, polymerization inhibitor, monomer and defoaming agent were added to the reactor for polymerization, and then washed, separated by centrifugation and dried to produce coarse polystyrene particles.Material balance and equipment selection calculation for the whole production process; heat balance calculation for polymerization process.On the basis of this, the process flow chart with control points, workshop layout plan and main equipment plan are drawn.

Key Word:Polystyrene, Suspension Polymerization, Process Design, Accounting

目录

1. 绪论-----------------------------------------------------------------1
2. 物料衡算

2.1 物料衡算的任务-----------------------------------------------------3

2.2 收集数据-----------------------------------------------------------3

2.3 确定计算基准-------------------------------------------------------3

2.4 计算---------------------------------------------------------------3

2.4.1计算总收率 ---------------------------------------------------3

2.4.2计算总损失及总损失分配----------------------------------------4

2.4.3确定生产配方 -------------------------------------------------4

2.4.4确定生产计划--------------------------------------------------4

2.4.5确定聚合釜个数------------------------------------------------5

2.4.6确定原料配方--------------------------------------------------5

2.4.7各工序物料衡算------------------------------------------------6

2.5 校核--------------------------------------------------------------9

2.5.1 釜数核算-----------------------------------------------------9

2.5.2 年产量核算---------------------------------------------------9

2.5.3 消耗定额核算-------------------------------------------------9

1. 聚合釜的设计

3.1 设计任务---------------------------------------------------------10

3.2 设计依据---------------------------------------------------------10

3.3 计算-------------------------------------------------------------10

3.3.1 确定受压形式-------------------------------------------------10

3.3.2 确定设计压力和设计温度---------------------------------------10

3.3.3 封头、筒体的选型---------------------------------------------10

3.3.4 确定聚合釜的几何尺寸-----------------------------------------10

3.3.5 确定夹套的几何尺寸-------------------------------------------11

3.3.6 釜体筒体壁厚的计算-------------------------------------------11

3.3.7 釜体封头壁厚的计算-------------------------------------------11

3.3.8 夹套筒体壁厚和封头壁厚的计算---------------------------------12

3.3.9 计算传热面积-------------------------------------------------13

3.3.10 聚合釜的水压试验和夹套的水压试验----------------------------13

3.3.11 计算总质量以及支座选型--------------------------------------13

3.3.12 小结 ------------------------------------------------14

1. 搅拌器的设计

4.1 设计任务---------------------------------------------------------15

4.2 设计依据---------------------------------------------------------15

4.3 搅拌器的选型-----------------------------------------------------15

4.4 计算-------------------------------------------------------------15

4.4.1搅拌器设计计算-----------------------------------------------15

4.4.2 搅拌器尺寸的确定及有关附件-----------------------------------16

4.4.3 电机、搅拌器的选择-------------------------------------------17

4.4.4 搅拌轴直径的计算---------------------------------------------17

4.4.5 选择机械密封的形式-------------------------------------------17

1. 热量衡算

5.1 设计任务--------------------------------------------------------18

5.2 设计依据--------------------------------------------------------18

5.3 计算------------------------------------------------------------18

5.3.1 列出热化学反应方程式----------------------------------------18

5.3.2 收集数据----------------------------------------------------18

5.3.3 确定计算基准-------------------------------------------------19

5.3.4 列热平衡方程式-----------------------------------------------19

5.3.5 分阶段计算传热速率及蒸汽、冷却水用量-------------------------19

5.4 传热面积校核-----------------------------------------------------21

5.4.1 浆料粘度------------------------------------------------------21

5.4.2浆料传热系数--------------------------------------------------21

5.4.3 确定浆料内侧的给热系数---------------------------------------21

5.4.4 拟定外侧给热系数---------------------------------------------22

5.4.5 求取总包传热系数K--------------------------------------------22

5.4.6 求所需传热面积 ----------------------------------------------22

1. 干燥器的设计

6.1 设计任务---------------------------------------------------------23

6.2 设计依据---------------------------------------------------------23

6.3 收集数据---------------------------------------------------------23

6.4 设备选型---------------------------------------------------------23

6.5 计算-------------------------------------------------------------24

6.5.1 热风管--------------------------------------------------------25