二甲四氯除草剂生产中含酚高盐废水的处理研究毕业论文
2022-01-02 16:44:31
论文总字数:16165字
摘 要
近年来,伴随着我国农药产业的不断发展,也带来了一定的环境隐患——农药废水。农药生产废水中一般具有有机物浓度高、组分复杂、含大量无机盐、难生物降解等特点,对人类健康和环境造成了较大的危害。二甲四氯(MCPA)作为一种高效的苯氧羧酸类除草剂,具有经济价值高、选择性好、除草效果好等特点,在农业上应用较为广泛。但其生产过程中会排放出含酚高盐废水,给农药企业带来了较大的负担。
本文通过实验研究数据来指导工程应用,针对某农药厂生产MCPA过程中产生的含酚高盐有机废水,提出了组合工艺处理MCPA除草剂生产废水。针对废水中的大量邻甲酚,采用精馏回收废水中的邻甲酚,研究了进料量,进料位置和塔釜温度对邻甲酚回收率和塔釜采出邻甲酚含量的影响。精馏后的废水采用蒸发的方式分离水和盐相,经过分离后的盐相采用催化氧化工艺进行处理,研究了温度、反应时间和催化剂用量对废盐催化氧化净化工艺的影响,以达到资源化利用和无害排放的目的。
关键词:二甲四氯 邻甲酚酚 农药废水 废水处理
Study on the treatment of wastewater containing phenol and high salt in the production of MCPA
Abstract
In recent years, with the continuous development of China's agricultural industry, it has also brought some potential environmental hazards —pesticide wastewater. The wastewater from pesticide production generally contains organic toxic substances that are difficult to be degraded, phenolic compounds, high chroma, and great harm to organisms and soil. As an efficient phenoxycarboxylic acid herbicide, MCPA is widely used in agriculture because of its high economic value, good selectivity and good weeding effect.The production of MCPA will produce a large amount of wastewater, which contains o-cresol and a large amount of inorganic salts. It brings heavy burden to pesticide enterprises.
Based on the experiment data to guide the engineering application, point at hypersaline organic wastewater containing phenol occurring in the process of production of MCPA of a pesticide plant in anhui ,and the treatment of MCPA herbicide wastewater by distillation - evaporation - pyrolysis with oxygen is proposed. In view of a large number of o-cresol in wastewater, the continuous distillation was used to recover o-cresol in wastewater. The effects of feed quantity, feed location and tower temperature on o-cresol recovery rate and o-cresol content extracted from tower were studied. The waste water after distillation is separated from water and salt phase by evaporation, and the separated salt phase is treated by tubular furnace Pro oxygen cracking process. The influence of temperature 、Reaction time and catalyst dosage on the purification process of waste salt Pro oxygen cracking is studied to achieve the purpose of resource utilization and harmless discharge.
Key Words:MCPA; O-phenol; Pesticide wastewater; Waste water treatment
目录
摘要 I
Abstract II
第一章 绪论 1
1.1 选题背景及意义 1
1.2 农药生产废水的危害 1
1.3 农药废水处理方法 2
1.3.1 物理化学法 2
1.3.2 生物法 5
1.3.3 组合工艺 5
1.4 研究思路和内容 6
第二章 实验部分 7
2.1 实验主要仪器 7
2.2 实验装置及流程 7
2.2.1 精馏装置 7
2.2.2 管式炉反应装置 9
2.3 分析方法 9
2.3.1 废水中邻甲酚的检测 9
2.3.2 TOC检测 10
第三章 实验数据分析 11
3.1 精馏实验 11
3.1.1 进料流率影响 11
3.1.2 废水进料位置的影响 12
3.1.3 塔釜温度的影响 12
3.1.4精馏后废水PH值对冷凝液COD的影响 13
3.2 废盐中污染物催化氧化工艺优化 14
3.2.1 温度对废盐催化氧化净化工艺的影响 14
3.2.2 反应时间对废盐催化氧化净化工艺的影响 15
3.2.3 催化剂用量对废盐催化氧化净化工艺的影响 16
第四章 结论 17
参考文献 18
致谢 20
第一章 绪论
1.1 选题背景及意义
农药是农业生产过程中不可缺少的重要的生产资料,能有效的防止病虫草害。使用农药可以保证或者提高农业生产的产量。近几年来,我国的农药市场发展的非常迅速,现在我国农药的生产量排名已经位列世界第一。虽然农药工业的发展促进了国家的经济增长,但是农药工业的发展也使得环境遭到了破坏,使得环境问题更加的突出和严重。在农药生产的同时会排放出大量的污水,污水中含有大量的农药残余或者农药中间体,里面的有毒有害物质会破坏生态环境。一般的农药生产中产生的废水普遍而言废水里有机物浓度高、成分比较复杂、毒性一般比较大、无机盐的含量比较大,是特别典型的一种难以降解的有机废水,处理难度大。
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