论文总字数：22287字

摘 要

无机材料具有原料储备量大、价格较低，制备过程环境友好，产品市场广阔的特点。其应用广泛，包括在建筑施工中，光学器件，机械工程和用作生物材料。然而，无机材料的制造受到经典结晶的限制，结晶通常会产生粉末，而非具有连续结构的整体材料。相比之下，高分子材料则具有由单体或者寡聚体交联聚合而来的连续结构。近年来，“无机离子聚合”这类新型反应体系的发明，跨越了无机化学和高分子化学的分界，使我们可以通过交联离子低聚物构建出具有连续结构的无机材料。碳酸钙（CaCO₃）作为一种基础的无机材料，同时又是自然界存在最广的生物矿物之一，首先被投入到研究中。

在本文中，我们首先制备碳酸钙凝胶状离子低聚物，然后对其干燥促进整体材料的形成，最后将整体材料进行煅烧，得到大尺寸单晶碳酸钙。我们从干燥氛围、TEA的用量、离心转速、用Na₂CO₃溶液代替CO₂四个方面，对单晶碳酸钙制备的影响因素进行了实验与分析，获得了制备大尺寸单晶碳酸钙的最优实验条件，并对制得成品进行了表征。本课题首次对大尺寸单晶碳酸钙制备的影响因素进行分析，为制备其他大尺寸单晶无机材料提供了思路。

关键词：碳酸钙 离子低聚物 大尺寸单晶 晶体生长

Preparation and characterization of large-size single crystal calcium carbonate

ABSTRACT

Inorganic materials have the characteristics of large raw material reserves, low prices, environmentally friendly preparation process, and broad product market.It is widely used, including in building construction, optical devices, mechanical engineering and as biomaterials. However, the manufacture of inorganic materials is limited by classical crystallization, which usually produces powder, rather than a monolithic material with a continuous structure. In contrast, polymer materials have a continuous structure from crosslinking polymerization of monomers or oligomers. In recent years, the invention of new reaction systems such as "inorganicion polymerization" has crossed the boundary between inorganic chemistry and polymer chemistry, allowing us to construct inorganic materials with a continuous structure by crosslinking ionic oligomers. Calcium carbonate (CaCO₃), as a basic inorganic material, is also one of the most widely existing biological minerals in nature, and was first put into research.

In this paper, we first prepare calcium carbonate gel-like ionic oligomers, then dry them to promote the formation of the whole material, and finally calcinate the whole material to obtain large-size single crystal calcium carbonate. We conducted experiments and analysis on the factors affecting the preparation of single crystal calcium carbonate from four aspects: dry atmosphere, TEA dosage, centrifugal speed, and replacement of CO₂ with Na₂CO₃ solution, and obtained the optimal experimental conditions for preparing large-size single crystal calcium carbonate and characterize the finished product. This topic is the first time to analyze the influencing factors of the preparation of large-size single-crystal calcium carbonate, which provides ideas for the preparation of other large-size single-crystal inorganic materials.

Keywords: Calcium carbonate Ionic oligomer Large size single crystal Crystal growth

目 录

摘要 I

ABSTRACT II

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 碳酸钙简介 1

1.2 碳酸钙的应用与制备 1

1.3 本文研究思路 5

第二章 实验部分 7

2.1实验试剂与仪器 7

2.2实验探索 8

第三章 实验结果与分析 10

3.1干燥氛围对实验的影响 10

3.2TEA的量对实验的影响 11

3.3离心转速对实验的影响 12

3.4用Na₂CO₃溶液代替CO₂对实验的影响 12

3.5最优实验条件 13

第四章 结论与展望 16

4.1结论 16

4.2展望 16

参考文献 18

致谢 20

第一章 绪论

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