高氮含量多孔碳材料的制备及其对CO2吸附性能的研究毕业论文
2022-01-28 22:12:21
论文总字数:19658字
摘 要
随着我国城镇化进程的加快以及经济的快速持续性的增长,产生了大量的污水对生态系统造成了极大的破坏,并且大部分污水中含有的污染物对人体以及土壤会造成严重的破坏,比如罗丹明B,具有明艳的红色,着色性能极好,在大部分溶剂里都有出色的溶解能力,但是它却具有剧毒,吸食或接触到一定的剂量,轻者会造成肝脏,心脏等器官的损伤,严重的会诱发基因变异或者致畸,更甚者会致人死亡。但是却被很多非法商家用作着色剂,废水随意排放。因此对污水处理一直是一个严肃且紧迫的问题。而多孔碳可以高效吸附有机废水中的染料。有研究表明,离子液体是一种性能优良的碳前驱体,以离子液体作为碳源,制备出的多孔碳材料对处理污水有着极为显著的效果。并且这种碳材料的碳化程度高且化学性质稳定等,这些优点让我们看到了其在污水处理方面的前景。
本文选择以咪唑类聚离子液体以及双咪唑类聚离子液体为碳源,经碳化、溶去模板剂后,制备出介孔碳材料CFPILn,用于有机废水中罗丹明B的吸附。同时我们还用同样的条件制备PILn热解后的碳材料,进行了对比实验。本文通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、拉曼光谱分析(Raman),X射线衍射(XRD)、热重分析(TGA)、N2吸附-脱附分析来表征材料,并进行了废水中染料吸附性能的测试。相关的结果表明,以双咪唑类的铁氰酸盐为聚离子液体单体制得的多孔碳材料具有较高的比表面积,对含罗丹明 B的有机废水的吸收能力良好,可以极大程度上提高对有机废水中有害物质的吸附。
关键词:聚离子液体 多孔碳材料 罗丹明B 染料吸附
Preparation of porous carbon materials and adsorption properties of organic wastewater
Abstract
With the speeding up of urbanization in our country and the fast sustainable economic growth, produces a large amount of sewage caused great damage to the ecosystem, and most of the pollutants in wastewater and soil can cause serious damage to human body, Such as rhodamine B, a brilliant red, chromatic performance is wonderful, have excellent ability to dissolve in most of the solvent, but it is highly toxic, smoking or exposure to certain dose, light person can cause liver, heart and other organs injury, serious can induce gene mutation or teratogenic, moreover could be deadly.But it has been used by many illegal businesses as a colorant and waste water is discharged at will. Therefore, sewage treatment has always been a serious and urgent problem. Porous carbon can absorb dyes from organic wastewater efficiently. Some studies have shown that ionic liquid is a kind of carbon precursor with good performance. As a carbon source, the prepared porous carbon material has a very significant effect on sewage treatment. Moreover, the high degree of carbonization and stability of various properties of this carbon material have shown its prospects in sewage treatment.
This article choose in ionic liquids and double imidazoles imidazoles together ionic liquid as the carbon source, after carbonization, solution to the template agent, preparation of mesoporous carbon materials CFPILn, used for adsorption of rhodamine B in organic wastewater treatment. At the same time, we also prepared the carbon materials after PILn pyrolysis under the same conditions, and carried out comparative experiments. In this article, through the scanning electron microscope (SEM), Raman spectroscopy (Raman), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), N2 adsorption - stripping analysis to characterize materials, in waste water and the dye adsorption performance test. Relevant results show that with double imidazoles iron cyanate for poly (ionic liquid system of porous carbon materials with high specific surface area, absorption of organic wastewater containing rhodamine B ability is good, can largely improve the adsorption of harmful substances in the organic waste water.
Key words: Polyionic liquid; Porous carbon material; Rhodamine B; Dye adsorption
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第一章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 吸附剂简介 2
1.2.1 碳质类吸附剂 2
1.2.2 非金属氧化物类吸附剂 3
1.3 离子液体的简介 3
1.3.1 离子液体的性质 3
1.3.2 离子液体的分类 4
1.3.2 聚离子液体 4
1.4 多孔碳材料的研究进展 4
1.5 研究内容及意义 5
1.5.1 研究意义 5
1.5.2 研究内容 5
第二章 实验部分 7
2.1 实验试剂与仪器 7
2.1.1 实验试剂 7
2.1.2 实验仪器 7
2.2 实验步骤 8
2.2.1 离子液体单体的制备 8
2.2.2 聚离子液体PILn的制备 9
2.2.3 多孔碳材料的制备 9
2.3 表征分析方法 10
2.3.1 拉曼光谱(Raman)分析 10
2.3.2 扫描电镜(SEM)分析 10
2.3.3 N2吸附-脱附分析 10
2.3.4 X射线衍射(XRD)分析 10
2.3.5 热重曲线(TG)分析 10
2.4 废水中的染料吸附性能测试 10
第三章 结果与讨论 12
3.1 SEM分析 12
3.2 Raman分析 13
3.3 N2吸附-脱附曲线 13
3.4 XRD分析 14
3.5 TG分析 15
3.6 废水中罗丹明B吸附性能分析 16
第四章 结论与展望 17
4.1 结论 17
4.2 展望 17
参考文献 18
致谢 21
第一章 绪论
1.1 研究背景
随着现代工业的发展,空气与水资源的逐渐引起了人们的重视。人类的健康及其他生物的生存受到严重威胁,尤其是化工、农药、医药、纺织和印染等行业的快速发展,使有机工业污水的排放量日益增多,大部分有机污染物的毒性大、难降解、可生化性差,人们逐渐意识到保护环境和可持续发展的重要性[1]。但是传统废水处理技术无法达到工业污水的排放标准,因此,发展绿色化学,制备更高效的吸附剂成为当前化工工作者的重任。
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