论文总字数：26208字

摘 要

丙烯是现代化学工程中最为重要的基础原料之一，同时也是衡量一个国家综合国力的集中体现。放眼中国，中国是一个石油资源短缺但是煤炭资源丰富的大国。以煤为原料生产甲醇，再由甲醇生产丙烯（MTP），这项工艺收率高、效益高，符合绿色发展战略。

本设计以甲醇为原料，利用Aspen Plus化工流程软件对甲醇制丙烯的反应工段和最后的分离精制单元进行模拟，得到丙烯产量为44.80万吨/年,丙烯的收率为99.56%，其纯度为96.70%，基本实现了年产45万吨目标。为提高甲醇制丙烯装置的运转效率，本章最后，对整个分离精制单元的工艺流程中的所有塔设备进行了灵敏度分析与优化，优化的项目有，进料版位置、塔板数、回流比，最后得出最佳分离操作参数，以脱丙烷塔为例，塔板数69降到36，回流比2.1，进料位置29降到20。从而减少设备投资成本，提高分离效果，提高产量和经济效益。

关键词：甲醇，丙烯，MTP，Aspen Plus，模拟优化

Abstract： Propylene was one of the most important basic raw materials in modern chemical engineering, and it was also a concentrated reflection of the comprehensive national strength of a country. Looking at China, China was a big country with a shortage of oil resources but abundant coal resources. Methanol was produced from coal and propylene (MTP) was produced from methanol. This process had high yield and high benefit, which was in line with the green development strategy.

In this design, methanol was used as raw material, and Aspen Plus software was used to simulate the reaction section and final separation and refining unit of methanol to propylene. The output of propylene was 448 million tons per year, the yield of propylene was 99.56%, and the purity of propylene was 96.70%, which basically achieved the goal of 450,000 tons per year. In order to improve the operation efficiency of the methanol-to-propylene plant, the sensitivity analysis and optimization of all tower equipment in the process flow of the whole separation and refining unit were carried out. The optimized items were the position of feed plate, number of trays and reflux ratio. Finally, the optimal separation operation parameters were obtained. Taking the depropane tower as an example, the number of trays was 31, reflux ratio was 2.1, and feed position was 20. Thus, the cost of equipment investment was reduced, the separation effect was improved, and the output and economic benefit were increased.

Key words: Methanol, Propylene, MTP, Aspen Plus,Simulation and optimization

目录

1 前言 3

2 文献综述 4

2.1 丙烯的性质 4

2.2 丙烯的现状与用途 4

2.3 丙稀的主要生产工艺 7

2.4 丙烯生产工艺的总结与比较 12

2.5 小结 12

3 甲醇制丙烯工艺 13

3.1 催化剂的选择 13

3.2 MTP反应器的筛选 14

3.4 小结 15

4 甲醇制丙烯化工过程模拟 16

4.1 MTP部分流程模拟 16

4.2 反应单元流程模拟 16

4.3 分离精制单元流程模拟 21

4.5 分离精制单元各塔的物料衡算汇总 22

4.6 小结 28

5 分离精制单元工艺流程优化 29

5.1 回流比的优化 29

5.2 进料位置的优化 33

5.3 塔板数的优化 36

5.4 小结 40

结论 41

参考文献 42

致谢 44

1 前言

丙烯作为重要的化工原料，其重要性仅仅次于乙烯。近30年来，随着中国的经济高速发展^【1】，丙烯的作用不断被开发，其下游产品的应用也更加广泛，可用来生产丙三醇、环氧丙烷、聚丙烯、异丙醇、合成树脂等，还可代替钢材、纸制品、木材等非塑性材料使用，例如。因此，国内市场对丙烯的需求日益增高。

目前，全球生产丙烯的路线主要是石油路线和非石油路线^【3】。近年来，随着石油的逐渐枯竭，加之我国石油对外依存度过高，因而非石油路线逐渐成为我国的关注焦点。

甲醇制丙烯（MTP）工艺^【2】的原料甲醇主要来自于煤或天然气，是一种典型的非石油路线。我国煤资源丰富，使用煤来替代石油生产丙烯，可以提高煤的高效利用。在中国，天然气和煤炭资源丰富的地区所处的位置偏远，导致大量资源被闲置甚至浪费。为了寻求更具有价值的应用，将煤制成丙烯，成本降低，生产规模扩大，可以促进中国经济的发展。此外，丙烯产量的不断上升，可以提高中国的综合国力^【4】。

本研究项目通过Aspen对MTP的反应工段和最后的分离精制单元进行模拟及优化，工艺进行模拟设计及优化，为MTP的工业化提供一定的理论依据。

剩余内容已隐藏，请支付后下载全文，论文总字数：26208字