论文总字数：18615字

摘 要

随着社会的发展以及超疏水材料研究的成熟，人们对超疏水材料的需求日益增加，这也使得超疏水材料在日常生活和工业领域中有着广泛的应用前景。其中具有超疏水性能的织物不单单可用于医用治疗，军用生产等特定情况下,在频繁的出现在人们的生活之中,如帐篷和雨伞等。现有的超疏水织物制备方法主要有疏水整理、经典纺丝法、刻蚀法、溶胶-凝胶法等，但这些方法都存在一些问题，使其不能应用于大规模的工业生产之中。

本课题对对涤纶织物进行精炼及碱减量处理去除杂质后，以span-80，1631(30%)作为原料配置复配乳化剂与二甲基硅油合成乳白色的硅油乳液，取适量乳液对涤纶织物进行表面镶嵌疏水处理，制备具有超疏水性的涤纶织物。通过分析实验数据可得出，在一定的温度范围内，可制的疏水性能最好的涤纶织物的工艺条件为:碱减量处理碱浓度为35g/L；高温高压表面镶嵌疏水处理温度设定为90℃；二甲基硅油使用30ml水稀释，浓度约为15g/L。制得的超疏水涤纶织物水接触角(CA)值为151.94°、150.26°

关键词：超疏水 涤纶织物 接触角 表面镶嵌 超疏水性

Preparation of super hydrophobic polyester fabric

Abstract

With the development of society and the maturity of research on super-hydrophobic materials, people's demand for super-hydrophobic materials is increasing, which also makes super-hydrophobic materials have a wide range of application prospects in daily life and industrial fields.Among them, fabrics with superhydrophobic properties can be used not only for medical treatment, but also under certain circumstances such as military production. They frequently appear in people's lives such as tents and umbrellas. The existing methods for preparing super-hydrophobic fabrics mainly include hydrophobic finishing, classical spinning, etching, and sol-gel methods. However, these methods have some problems, which can not be applied to large-scale industrial production.

In this project, polyester fabrics were refined and alkali-reduced to remove impurities, and span-80,1631 (30%) were used as raw materials to prepare emulsifiers and dimethyl silicone oil to synthesize milky white silicone oil emulsions. The fabric was surface-reinforced with hydrophobic treatment to prepare a superhydrophobic polyester fabric. By analyzing the experimental data, it can be concluded that, within a certain temperature range, the process conditions for fabricating polyester fabrics with the best hydrophobic properties are as follows: alkali reduction treatment with an alkali concentration of 35 g/L; high-temperature and high-pressure surface setting with hydrophobic treatment temperature setting It is 90°C; dimethicone is diluted with 30 ml of water at a concentration of about 15 g/L. The water contact angle (CA) value of the superhydrophobic polyester fabric obtained was 151.94° and 150.26°.

Key Words: Superhydrophobic; Polyester fabric; Contact angle; surface inlay; Superhydrophobicity

目录

摘 要 Ⅰ

Abstract Ⅱ

第一章 文献综述 1

1.1超疏水表面 1

1.2 超疏水纤维 1

1.3 超疏水理论 2

1.3.1 Young's方程 2

1.3.2 Wenzel方程 2

1.3.3 Cassie-Baxter方程 3

1.3.4 Furmidge方程 3

1.4 现有的超疏水织物制备方法 3

1.4.1 疏水整理 3

1.4.2 溶胶-凝胶法 3

1.4.3 静电纺丝法 4

1.4.4 其他方法 4

1.5 超疏水涤纶织物的研究现状 4

1.6 研究内容和意义 4

第二章 超疏水涤纶织物的制备 6

2.1 实验试剂和仪器 6

2.1.1试剂 6

2.1.2 仪器 6

2.2 涤纶织物的前处理 7

2.2.1 涤纶织物的精练 7

2.2.2 涤纶织物的碱减量 7

2.3 二甲基硅油乳液的配置 8

2.4 超疏水涤纶织物的制备 8

2.5 表征 9

2.5.1 接触角 9

2.5.2 白度 9

2.5.3 断裂强度和断裂伸长 9

2.5.4 热分析 10

2.5.5 水洗牢度 11

第三章 结果与讨论 11

3.1 织物减量率及硅油镶嵌率 11

3.2 接触角 12

3.3断裂强度和断裂伸长 14

3.4热重(TG)分析 15

3.5 织物白度 19

3.6水洗牢度 21

第四章 总结与展望 23

4.1 结论 23

4.2 展望 23

参考文献 24

致谢 26

第一章 文献综述

1.1超疏水表面

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