γ-谷氨酰转肽酶定向进化理性设计方案毕业论文
2021-12-15 22:59:12
论文总字数:15792字
摘 要
γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase,GGT,EC,2.3.2.2)是通过催化γ-谷氨酰键断裂,然后将断裂出来的γ-谷氨酰基转移到到其他的氨基酸或肽类物质的酶。γ-谷氨酰转肽酶的催化作用在多种领域都有广泛的应用,其中最主要的是茶氨酸的合成,茶氨酸是一种只在茶叶中存在的特殊氨基酸,具有多种使用价值,在医疗,食品,保健等方面都有极大的应用,然而,由于茶叶中所含茶氨酸含量太低,工业提取产量无法满足人们的需求,应此,利用γ-谷氨酰转肽酶制备茶氨酸成了急需攻克的问题。
然而,野生菌株的γ-谷氨酰转肽酶活性低,催化活性不足,严重影响了γ-谷氨酰转肽酶制备茶氨酸的应用,培育寻找高产的活性微生物成了目前主要问题。
本实验以实验室保存的解淀粉芽孢杆菌为基础提取γ-谷氨酰转肽酶,在线翻译获得γ-谷氨酰转肽酶氨基酸序列ASGGT,通过进化树分析,发现ASGGT与地衣芽孢杆菌同源性最高,各种物种GGT主要聚集在一个大族群里。通过序列对比,确定ASGGT活性中心为375位Thr ,然后运用分子模拟以及蛋白质工程技术获得了γ-谷氨酰转肽酶的三维结构模型。运用分子对接,对其催化区以及关键残基进行预测,通过模拟改变关键位点的残基,获得Asggt1,通过模拟技术同源建模,分析催化区及关键残基键能变化,发现ASGGT1(val319→Ala319;Ala425→Thr425)的键能发生改变,437位丝氨酸与底物氢键键能从39%增加43%,蛋白质与底物联系更紧密,从而提高酶的活性。
关键词: γ-谷氨酰转肽酶 茶氨酸 定向进化 同源建模 理性设计
Evolutionary rational design scheme for glutamyl transpeptidase targeting
Abstract
Gamma glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT, EC, 2.3.2.2) is a kind of reactive enzyme that can catalyze the breaking of r-glutamyl bond of γ-glutamyl substances (such as glutathione) and transfer γ-glutamyl to other amino acids or peptides.
The catalytic effect of glutamyl transpeptidase has been widely used in many fields, the most important part of it is the synthesis of theanine. Theanine is a special amino acid can be find only in tea,which has many application values. It has great application in medical treatment, food, health care and so on. however, because the content of theanine in tea is too low, the drawing of industrial extraction can not meet people's needs. Therefore, the preparation of theanine by γ- glutamyl transpeptidase has become an urgent gram problem
However, the activity of γ-glutamyltranspeptidase in wild strain is low and the catalytic activity is insufficient, which seriously affects the application of γ- glutamyl transpeptidase in preparing theanine. Cultivating and finding high-yield active microorganisms has become the main problem at present
In this experiment, the active γ-glutamyltranspeptidase was obtained based on the microorganism preserved in the laboratory. By online translate, we can get the γ-glutamyltranspeptidase gene sequence Asggt.
Through phylogenetic tree analysis, it was found that ASGGT had the highest homology with Bacillus licheniformis, and GGT of various species mainly gathered in a large group. Throughsequence comparison, the active center of ASGGT was determined to be 375 Thr. By simulate the change of the key residue, we can get the sequence ASGGT1. Through homologous modeling and analysis of the catalytic region and binding region, it was found that the bond energy of ASGGT1(val319 → ala319, ala425 → thr425) changed.
The hydrogen bond energy between serine at position 437 and the substrate increased by 43% from 39%, and the protein was more closely linked with the substrate, thus improving the activity of the enzyme.
Key words: γ-glutamyltranspeptidase, theanine, directional evolution, homology modeling, rational design
目录
摘要………………………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ
ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ
第一章 前言………………………………………………………………………… 1
第二章 文献综述…………………………………………………………………… 2
2.1 γ-谷氨酰转肽酶概述………………………………………………………… 2
2.1.1 γ-谷氨酰转肽酶基本介绍…………………………………………… 2
2.1.2 γ-谷氨酰转肽酶的结构及性质……………………………………… 2
2.1.3 茶氨酸的介绍……………………………………………………………2
2.1.4 γ-谷氨酰转肽酶的催化反应实质 …………………………………… 3
2.1.5 γ-谷氨酰转肽酶在茶氨酸合成中的应用……………………………… 3
2.2 定向进化………………………………………………………………………3
2.2.1 DNA改组技术………………………………………………………… 4
2.2.2易错PCR技术……………………………………………………………4
2.2.3 表面展示技术……………………………………………………………4
2.3 蛋白质理性设计………………………………………………………………5
2.4 课题来源及研究内容…………………………………………………………5
2.4.1 课题来源……………………………………………………………… 5
2.4.2 本课题研究内容…………………………………………… ………… 5
第三章 材料与方法………………………………………………………………6
3.1 γ-谷酰氨转肽酶基因…………………………………………………………6
3.2 γ-谷酰氨转肽酶残基分析………………………………………………… 7
3.3 进化树分析与多序列对比………………………………………………… 7
3.4 同源建模与模型分析……………………………………………………… 7
3.5 分子对接…………………………………………………………………… 8
第四章 结果与讨论…………………………………………………………… 9
4.1 γ-谷氨酰转肽酶氨基酸组成分析………………………………………… 9
4.2 系统进化树构建与多序列对比分析…………………………………………10
4.2.1 进化树分析 ……………………………………………………………10
4.2.2 系列对比分析………………………………………………………… 10
4.3 同源建模与分子对接…………………………………………………………12
4.4 关键位点残基改变与效果分析………………………………………………17
4.5 讨论与展望……………………………………………………………………18
参考文献………………………………………………………………………………19
致谢……………………………………………………………………………………21
第一章 前言
γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase,GGT,EC,2.3.2.2)又称γ-谷氨酰转移酶,广泛存在于自然界中各种生物体内[1],是与生物活动相关的重要酶类,在工业生产中其催化特性也具有极大的应用前景,如茶氨酸的合成等[2]。
茶氨酸属于酰胺类化合物,在不同品种茶叶中其含量不同,茶氨酸是茶叶的特征性氨基酸[3],在干茶叶中约占1-2%。作为有重要医用与食用价值的工业产品,其高效合成方法的研究是生物工业的重要研究方向,γ-谷氨酰转肽酶其催化制备谷氨酰类化合物的性质与茶氨酸的制备非常契合,因此,利用γ-谷氨酰转肽酶制备茶氨酸是其最主要的应用方向。
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