MoS2影响微生物降解菲的机制初探毕业论文
2021-12-27 21:18:01
论文总字数:22897字
摘 要
多环芳烃(PAHs)是拥有两个或多个苯环的芳香烃,它们是分布广泛的环境污染物,具有有害的生物学作用。石油开采过程中产生的PAHs等污染物,现已严重危害到全球,引起了人们极大的关注。多环芳烃的污染迫切需要寻找一种有效的治理手段,尽管PAHs可能会发生吸附、挥发、光分解和化学降解等现象,但通过研究,发现微生物降解是一种重要且绿色经济的降解方法。由于微生物具有一定的原位应用,并且不会引起二次污染,但其生长慢,效率低。本课题组前期的研究发现,添加二硫化钼(MoS2,一种应用广泛的二维材料)能够刺激枯草芽孢杆菌(ZL09-26)的生长,使枯草芽孢杆菌降解菲(Phe)的效率更高,但具体作用机制还需进一步研究。因为菲常被作为研究PAHs的模式化合物,故本论文将菲作为研究对象。针对我国化工废水中PAHs急需治理的现实需求,我们研究了MoS2对菌株ZL09-26降解Phe的影响,如菌体生长形态、菌体表面电荷、降解率等。结果表明,MoS2具备更多的活性位点,这有助于对Phe的吸附。通过测量MoS2的Zeta电位,可以发现MoS2对菌株ZL09-26和Phe有静电吸附作用,这有助于开发MoS2与细菌结合的降解PAHs产品。这项工作也为工程化纳米材料改良微生物降解多环芳烃提供了新的见解。
关键词:二硫化钼 生物修复 菲 多环芳烃 枯草芽孢杆菌
Impacts of MoS2 on the microbial degradation of phenanthrene
Abstract
PAHs are aromatic hydrocarbons with two or more fused benzene rings. They are diffusely distributed environmental pollutants with harmful biological effects. A large number of pollutants such as PAHs generated in the process of oil extraction have now seriously harmed the world and have aroused great concern. PAHs pollution is urgently needs to look for an effective treatment method. Although PAHs may undergo chemical adsorption, volatilization, photolysis and chemical degradation, but through research, it is found that microbial degradation is an important green economic degradation method. Microorganisms have the advantage of in-situ application and will not cause secondary pollution, but their growth is slow and their efficiency is low. The before research of this research team found that adding MoS2, a widely used two-dimensional material, stimulates the growth of Bacillus subtilis (ZL09-26), making the strain ZL09-26 more efficient in degrading Phe, but the specific mechanism further research is needed. Because Phe is often used as a model compound for the study of PAHs, this paper takes Phe as the research object. In response to the practical needs of PAHs in China's chemical wastewater, we have studied the effect of MoS2 on the degradation of Phe by strain ZL09-26, such as growth morphology, cell surface charge, and degradation rate. Studies have shown that MoS2 has more active sites, which is actually helpful for Phe adsorption. In addition, by measuring the Zeta potential of MoS2, it can be found that MoS2 has an electrostatic adsorption effect on strains ZL09-26 and Phe, which is helpful for the development of degraded PAHs products combining MoS2 with bacteria. This work also provides new insights into the degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by engineered nanomaterials.
Keywords: Molybdenum disulfide; Bioremediation; Phenanthrene; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs); Bacillus subtilis
目录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第一章 文献综述 1
1.1 多环芳烃简介 1
1.1.1 多环芳烃的污染 1
1.1.2 多环芳烃的组成 1
1.2 治理多环芳烃的方法 2
1.2.1 化学法 2
1.2.2 物理法 2
1.2.3 生物法 3
1.3 微生物降解菲的机制及纳米材料的影响 3
1.3.1 微生物降解菲的途径 3
1.3.2 纳米材料对微生物降解PAHs的影响 4
1.3.3 二硫化钼简介及其对微生物的影响 5
1.4 本论文的研究目的和意义 5
第二章 枯草芽孢杆菌和MoS2相互作用的分析 7
2.1 引言 7
2.2 实验材料与方法 7
2.2.1 菌种与材料 7
2.2.2 实验试剂 7
2.2.3 实验仪器 8
2.2.4 培养基 9
2.2.5 菌株培养 9
2.2.6 MoS2和Phe的浓度选择 9
2.2.7 光学显微镜观察实验 9
2.2.8 颗粒尺寸和Zeta电位的测量实验 10
2.3 结果与讨论 10
2.3.1微生物与MoS2结合的光镜观察结果 10
2.3.2微生物与MoS2结合的颗粒尺寸和Zeta电位的测量结果 12
第三章 MoS2对枯草芽孢杆菌降解菲效率的影响 14
3.1 引言 14
3.2 实验材料与方法 14
3.2.1 菌种与材料 14
3.2.2 实验试剂 14
3.2.3 实验仪器 15
3.2.4 Phe降解菌株ZL09-26的培养 16
3.2.5 MoS2对枯草芽孢杆菌降解菲效率的影响及分析 16
3.3 结果与讨论 16
3.3.1 MoS2对枯草芽孢杆菌降解菲效率的影响 16
第四章 结论与展望 20
4.1 结论 20
4.2 展望 20
参考文献 22
致谢 28
第一章 文献综述
1.1 多环芳烃简介
1.1.1 多环芳烃的污染
我国石油的过度开采,导致原油泄漏,石油中产生的有害物质,如多环芳烃(PAHs)等污染物,对石油开采区及其周边环境产生了无法忽视的生态影响[1]。这些污染物还可以通过大气、水体、土壤等多介质释放到环境系统中,严重危害了人类和其他生物的健康安全[2]。由于多数的PAHs都具有致畸、致癌和致突变性,它们早已被许多国家列为优先控制的环境污染物,并受到广泛的关注[3,4]。
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