论文总字数：16281字

摘 要

Abstract IV

第一章 绪论 1

1.1 纳米二氧化锰研究现状 1

1.1.1 二氧化锰纳米材料的制备 1

1.1.2 纳米二氧化锰的性能研究及应用 2

1.2 表征手段 3

1.2.1 X-射线衍射（XRD）分析 3

1.2.2 扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析 4

1.2.3 傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）分析 4

1.2.4 X射线光电子能谱（XPS）分析 4

1.2.5 Brunner Emmet Teller比表面积测试法（BET）分析 5

1.3 本文的研究内容及意义 5

第二章 原位生长花状二氧化锰纳米线的制备 7

2.1引言 7

2.2 实验材料 7

2.2.1 试剂 7

2.2.2 仪器 7

2.3 实验方法 8

2.4 实验结果 8

第三章 原位生长花状二氧化锰纳米线的表征 9

3.1引言 9

3.2 实验材料 9

3.3 分析测试方法 9

3.3.1 SEM分析 9

3.3.2 XRD分析 10

3.3.3 FT-IR光谱分析 10

3.3.4 XPS分析 11

3.3.5 BET分析 12

第四章 结果与讨论 13

4.1 制备结果与讨论 13

4.2 表征结果与讨论 13

第五章 展望 14

参考文献 15

致谢 18

原位生长花状二氧化锰纳米线的制备与表征

摘 要

现有吸附材料的的表面改性一直是提高吸附剂吸附性能的一项重要挑战。二氧化锰（MnO₂）是最具吸引力的无机材料之一，外观是褐色粉末，也是一种较复杂氧化物，二氧化锰在电化学方面应用广泛，亦是实验室中常见的催化剂和性能优秀的吸附剂。

我们以高锰酸钾（KMnO₄）为唯一原料，通过两步水合法成功制备了具有三维表面和良好吸附性能的二氧化锰纳米线（MNs），我们用扫描电镜(SEM)分析MNs的大小和形态。由x射线衍射分析(XRD)分析晶体结构。使用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)，我们分析了MNs样品的化学状态及化学状态。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)分析MNs在4000 ~ 400cm⁻¹范围内的官能团。采用BET法测定MnO₂的比表面积和孔容。

最后，我们获得了外观黑色的二氧化锰纳米线，SEM研究表明它具有植物纤维状的形态表面；XRD结果显示其具有四个特征峰，表明复合纳米线由MnO₂纳米片和MnO₂纳米片组成；FTIR表征表明化学吸附是MN与MB分子之间主要吸附机理；XPS实验表明制备产物的主要元素组成为O和Mn，吸附剂由不同结构的二氧化锰组成；BET实验表明花状的二氧化锰纳米片在二氧化锰纳米线中完全包覆，在二氧化锰表面呈现3D效应。

关键词：原位生长 二氧化锰纳米线 表征 3D表面

Preparation and characterization of flowering manganese dioxide nanowires grown in situ

Abstract

Surface modification of existing adsorption materials has always been a challenging topic. Manganese dioxide (MnO₂) is one of the most attractive inorganic materials，and the powder’s color is brown , it’s also a complex oxide. MnO₂ is widely used in electrochemistry. And it is also a common catalyst and excellent adsorbent in the laboratory.

Using potassium permanganate (KMnO₄) as the only material, we successfully prepared manganese dioxide nanowires (MNs) with three-dimensional surface and good adsorption performance by two-step hydrothermal route. The size and morphology of MNs were analyzed by SEM. The crystal structure was analyzed by x - ray diffraction (XRD). The surface composition and chemical state of MNs samples were analyzed by x - ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was used to analyze the functional groups of MNs in the range of 4000 ~ 400 cm⁻¹. The specific surface area and pore volume of MnO₂ were determined by BET method.

Finally, we obtained the black appearance of manganese dioxide nanowires. SEM studies show that it has a plant fiber shape surface; XRD results show that the composite nanowires have four characteristic peaks, indicating that the composite nanowires are composed of MnO₂ nanowires and MnO₂ nanowires. FTIR characterization indicated that chemisorption was the main adsorption mechanism between MN and MB molecules. The XPS experiment showed that the main components of the product were O and Mn, and the adsorbent was composed of manganese dioxide with different structures. The BET experiment showed that the flower-shaped manganese dioxide nanowires were completely coated in the manganese dioxide nanowires, and showed 3D effect on the surface of manganese dioxide.

Keywords: In-situ growth; MnO₂ nanowires; Characterization; 3D surface

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