牛蒡灵芝多糖活性测定及比较
2023-08-05 18:03:22
论文总字数:12350字
摘 要
目前,牛蒡深加工技术较薄弱,用灵芝发酵牛蒡可以开拓牛蒡深加工领域。本论文分别对牛蒡多糖、灵芝多糖及灵芝发酵牛蒡后所获得的多糖进行体外活性测定并比较,探讨灵芝发酵牛蒡后的多糖的活性含量及其优势,为进一步深加工提供依据。首先,对三种多糖进行了抗DPPH自由基(DPPH·)测定,结果发现牛蒡多糖、灵芝多糖、牛蒡灵芝多糖对DPPH自由基的最大清除率分别为25.67%、28.70%、26.17%。接着,对三种多糖进行了抗羟自由基(·OH)测定,结果发现牛蒡多糖、灵芝多糖、牛蒡灵芝多糖对羟自由基的最大清除率分别为8.62%、5.70%、8.30%。最后,对其进行了抗氧自由基(O2-·)活性测定,结果发现牛蒡多糖、灵芝多糖、牛蒡灵芝多糖对氧自由基的最大清除率分别为9.85%、21.58%、4.29%。用灵芝发酵牛蒡后,其活性得到一定程度的提升,为牛蒡进一步的深加工提供了一定的理论依据。关键词:牛蒡深加工;灵芝多糖;牛蒡灵芝多糖;清除作用;体外抗氧化活性;
Abstract: At present, the deep processing technology of burdock is relatively weak, using Ganoderma lucidum fermented burdock can develop the field of deep processing technology of burdock. In this paper, the polysaccharides from burdock, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide and Ganoderma lucidum fermented burdock were measured and compared in vitro. The advantages of polysaccharides after Ganoderma lucidum fermented burdock were discussed, and the basis for further processing was provided. First, the anti DPPH free radicals (DPPH·) of three kinds of polysaccharides were measured. The results showed that the maximum scavenging rate of burdock polysaccharide, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide and burdock Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide were respectively 25.67%, 28.70% and 26.17%. Then, the anti hydroxyl free radicals (·OH) of three kinds of polysaccharides were measured. The results showed that the maximum scavenging rate of burdock polysaccharide, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide and burdock Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide were respectively 8.62%, 5.70% and 8.30%.Finally, the determination of oxygen free radical (O2-·) activity was carried out. The results showed that the maximum scavenging rate of burdock polysaccharide, Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide and burdock Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide were respectively 9.85%, 21.58% and 4.29%.After the fermentation of Ganoderma lucidum, the activity of burdock increased to a certain extent, which provided a theoretical basis for further processing.
Keywords:Deep processing of burdock;Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide;Polysaccharides of burdock Ganoderma lucidum;Scavenging action;Antioxidant activity in vitro;
目 录
1. 前 言 5
1.1 牛蒡现状 5
1.2 灵芝现状 5
1.3本论文研究思路 6
2. 材料与方法 7
2.1 材料 7
2.1.1 牛蒡 7
2.1.2 菌种 7
2.1.3 试剂 7
2.1.4 培养基 8
2.1.5 溶液 8
2.1.6 仪器设备 8
2.2 方法 9
2.2.1多糖提取方法 9
2.2.2多糖浓度测定方法 10
2.2.3多糖体外活性测定方法 11
3. 结果与分析 13
3.1三种多糖浓度测定及比较 13
3.2三种多糖体外活性测定及比较 13
3.2.1 DPPH自由基清除率的测定及比较 13
3.2.2羟自由基清除率的测定及比较 15
3.2.3氧自由基清除率的测定及比较 16
3.3结论与分析 18
4. 结论与展望 19
4.1 结论 19
4.2 展望 19
5. 致谢 20
6. 参考文献 21
前 言
1.1 牛蒡现状
牛蒡,二年生木本,根茎类植物,其根、茎、叶、果实均可食用,是我国传统民间药食同用植物。牛蒡除了能被烹饪食用,还含有很多种药理作用:抗病毒活性、抗肿瘤活性、调节免疫功能,防治糖尿病、肾病,延缓衰老[1-4]。牛蒡含菊糖、纤维素、蛋白质、钙、磷、铁等人体所需元素[5]。经生物转化后的牛蒡可获得黄酮和多糖,是一种优质的药食同源材料。随着人们对牛蒡生物活性及药用食用价值的逐步深入的了解,对其不断地研究,在科技迅猛发展的今天,牛蒡因其自身丰富营养成分及其所含有的维生素、矿物质及人体所需要的营养素,在食品烹饪、食品工业以及中药等领域有着极其广阔的发展前景。因此,研究一种高效率低经费提取多糖的方法对牛蒡产品的开发具有举足轻重的意义[6]。
近数十年来学者们主要针研究牛蒡子,包括活性成分的药理研究、如何鉴别真伪以及临床应用方面。但有关如何进行牛蒡深加工,使其真正融入大众的生活的研究很少,因此,我们需要将牛蒡进行高级转化。
1.2 灵芝现状
灵芝(Ganoderma lucidum),日语称为万年茸[7],属于担子菌,是多孔菌科真菌灵芝的子实体。近年订其学名为Ganoderma lingzhi[8]。灵芝具有营养保健功能,应用价值极高,临床上主要使用赤芝和紫芝[9]。灵芝药用在中华文明史上已经延续了两千多年,灵芝自古以来被认为是种滋阴补阳、延长寿命的药物,是名贵药材中的极品。李时珍所著的《本草纲目》对灵芝的药效作了描述,认为灵芝乃是上品。[10]由于灵芝的子实体,也包括其孢子粉和菌丝体都可以入药并加工,目前,各种灵芝保健产品充斥着市场。本世纪以来,灵芝已被广泛研究,尤其是美国、加拿大、东南亚各国等学者贡献颇多。
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